Notion 如何借助社区打造百亿美元业务 | Camille Ricketts
How Notion leveraged community to build a $10B business | Camille Ricketts
Content-Market Fit
Camille Ricketts: The way that you think about product market fit, you have to think about content market fit. So even though content feels like it’s running adjacent to the actual product that you’re putting out there, you still have to think about who is my audience? Who is the audience that I really want to have? Who is the audience that is going to be drawn to this most? Who are they? What is it that they really need in their lives? Even abstracting content from it at all. What is it that they need to get promoted? What is it that they need to avoid failure? What is it that causes them a great deal of anxiety in the day-to-day of their lives or their work? And can you create some type of content product that is going to address this for them?
About the Guest
Lenny: Welcome to Lenny’s podcast. I’m Lenny and my goal here is to help you get better at the craft of building and growing products. I interview world class product leaders and growth experts to learn from their hard won experiences building and growing today’s most successful companies. Today my guest is Camille Ricketts. Camille was the first marketing hire at Notion and longtime head of marketing at Notion. Prior to that, she was head of content and marketing at First Round Capital, where amongst many other things, she launched the First Round Review, which holds a very special place in my heart because a guest post in the First Round Review essentially helped me launch my now career of newsletter and now podcast. Camille also did content marketing at Kiva and also comms and PR at early Tesla where she sat right next to Elon Musk for about a year and she shares some really fun stories about that.
In this episode, we focus on two areas that Camille was very early in and has tremendous insights around. One, community led growth. What it actually is, when it’s something you should invest in, how to do it well. All based on her experience building Notion’s early community, which was a huge part of Notion’s early success. We also talk about content marketing. When it’s worth investing in, how to do it well, and all kinds of tips for building a content marketing machine. It was a total blast chatting with Camille and I am really excited for you to learn from her. With that, I bring you Camille Rickets right after we hear a word from our wonderful sponsors.
Ashley: At least 40%.
Camille’s Career Journey
Lenny: And how many of them screw that up and what happens when they do?
Ashley: Well, based on our data, about a third of people will consider switching to another company after just one bad experience during onboarding. So if your CSV importer doesn’t work right, which is super common considering customer files are chock full of unexpected data and formatting, they’ll leave.
Working with Elon Musk
Lenny: I am 0% surprised to hear that. I’ve consistently seen that improving onboarding is one of the highest leverage opportunities for both signup conversion and increasing long-term retention. Getting people to your aha moment more quickly and reliably is so incredibly important.
Ashley: Totally. It’s incredible to see how our customers like Square, Spotify and Zuora are able to grow their businesses on top of Flatfile. It’s because flawless data onboarding acts like a catalyst to get them and their customers where they need to go faster.
Notion’s Most Tense Moment
Lenny: If you’d like to learn more or get started, check out Flatfile and flatfile.com/lenny.
Camille, welcome to the podcast.
Camille Ricketts: Hello there. Thank you so much for having me.
Community-Driven Growth
Lenny: Absolutely, my pleasure. You have such a fascinating background working at so many world-class companies with so many fascinating people. Could you just take a minute to talk about some of the wonderful things you’ve done in your career just to set a little context for folks?
What is Community-Driven Growth?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. Well thank you for characterizing them as wonderful.
Impact of Ambassador Programs and Offline Events
Lenny: It’s true.
Camille Ricketts: I feel like it’s been a quite circuitous path, but definitely has taken me to some interesting places. I started off as a journalist at the Wall Street Journal and then found my way into communications and marketing at Tesla Motors where part of my responsibility there was to sit to Elon’s right and make sure he had all the data he needed at his fingertips when talking to the press, which was deep end of the pool on the PR learning. And then after that, found my way to First Round Capital where I was really fortunate to be at the ground floor of First Round Review, if anyone out there watching this is familiar with those pieces. Was there for about five years. Loved that team. Really incredible folks. And then they had invested in Notion really early on, and so I was able to meet Ivan Zhao as a result of that and him and Simon, and they gave me the opportunity to join as the first marketing hire at Notion. And that’s what I was doing up until recently.
Ambassador and Champions Programs
Lenny: I love that Elon tidbit. I like that it was on his right. His right hand person. What was that like? And is there something that you learned working alongside Elon, sitting next to Elon, about operating, working that maybe you’ve taken to other places you worked at?
Camille Ricketts: I mean, it was a long time ago, so I’ll caveat that. This was before Model S came out even. So a lot of my work was, and this was a great opportunity, but driving around in the Roadster and talking to journalists and letting reporters ride in the car, which was very seductive and I think maybe just a little unfair from a PR standpoint. But in terms of what I learned, that was really the first job that I had that was necessitating just being incredibly on point with all the information. So making sure that I knew everything that could possibly come up in a conversation, being incredibly well-versed in just the topics at hand, I think that served me really well. I just have to be really, really, really quick and on it. And then the other thing that Elon I think is very talented at or definitely at the time really made an impression on me was painting an emotional picture of the vision that he was really going after and being able to convey the emotional quality of the mission to the people he talked to. So definitely at the time about the electric vehicle revolution and then space travel, I think he just knew how to make people feel about it that really enlisted a lot of hearts and minds and that is something that I’ve taken with me for sure.
Can Founders Be Convinced?
Lenny: Would you say that was the most stressful place you’ve worked or have you found more stress post Elon?
Camille Ricketts: I think that that was the place where you just needed to be so on your game. Game face every single day. Which is a wonderful skill to learn. And then I think there were other moments in my career where just the stakes might have been a little bit higher. Certainly at Notion every day felt like we’re building this thing together and we’re in this very special moment. So yeah, I think there was a mix there.
Best Products for Community-Led Growth
Lenny: Speaking of Notion, I think you mentioned this and if not, you were the first marketing hire at Notion. Is that right?
Camille Ricketts: Yes.
Other Excellent Community Examples
Lenny: What employee number was that?
Camille Ricketts: I was number 11.
When to Avoid Community Investment
Lenny: Wow.
The Multidimensional Matrix of Communities
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. So it was really a small squad of folks at the time.
Lenny: And how big are they now, roughly would you say?
Notion’s Quadrant in the Matrix
Camille Ricketts: The last I heard, I think that they were around 400. Maybe a little over 400.
How to Design an Ambassador Program
Lenny: Amazing. And I think they’re worth … I don’t know. Last valuation was like $10 billion. So there’s been quite the journey. Must have been quite the adventure being at Notion during this time. What’s maybe the most tangible memory of working at Notion in the early days? What was it like early day Notion?
Camille Ricketts: I think a lot about just what the environment felt like. This was the first very small startup that I had worked for. When I left First Round, I really wanted that experience. And the first office that I worked in was really just like a home. It literally had an apartment on top of this loft space and it just felt like we were a group of people who lived there together during the day, but it had that kind of home spun really warm quality. So we all took our shoes off. There was beautiful furnishings and rugs and we would all just sit around and drink tea and work together on these couches. So it really had that feeling to it. And then there were little quirks. I like to reminisce with my colleagues who were there at the time that we didn’t have a great HVAC system.
So during the summer it was really hot and then in the winter it was really cold and we would have these big industrial fans and at the time we were like, “Oh, this is really bizarre.” But now it’s one of our favorite memories to talk about. Or for a while we didn’t have overhead lighting, so me and my colleagues who were there working really late at night, it would just get darker and darker and darker. And one of my favorite folks there actually had a headlamp that she would switch on at a certain point in the evening. So that’s the stuff that really comes up for me. We were all working really hard and in this thing together, but it’s that team familial quality that stands out to me.
Commandments for Community Builders
Lenny: I love how some of these early moments where it feels like, what the hell are we doing? We have to wear headlamps? It’s super hot. When you’re in it, you’re like, this isn’t maybe how our startup should be going. And it feels really painful and hard. But looking back, it’s always the best memories, those hardships.
Commandments for Building Communities
Camille Ricketts: It truly is. And the moments that we were there late at night really trying to get something done before a big launch the next day, that’s where our hearts lie, I think, to a large extent. That crew that was there.
Choosing a Community Platform
Lenny: On that note, and when you’re talking about stress working with Elon, you talked about Notion had a different kind of stress. What’s maybe the most stressful memory you have of working at Notion? Whatever you can share.
Benchmark Cases in Content Marketing
Camille Ricketts: This is something that has long since been rectified, but the first day that we came back from break in 2021 … We had all been sort of away for the holidays. We reassemble. I think it’s January 3rd, 2021 perhaps. Had a massive outage that day that took down, not just us but also a lot of our peer companies. And so it was literally all hands on deck. We’re suddenly seeing all of these people on Twitter pop up, on the Reddit pop up being like, “Oh my gosh. What am I going to do?” And it really reinforced for us how central Notion had become to so many people. So on one hand it was kind of this amazing moment of realization of how vital this thing we were building was all the time, which adds to the stress in the moment, but also your motivation overall.
And then we also saw on Twitter, and this is part of why community is such a core focus of mine, but people being like, “They’re trying really hard to get it back up. Give them a break.” Or like, “Sending hugs to the Notion team. We know you’ve got this.” And we really appreciated that and that was just a very heartwarming aspect of it. But that day was definitely a scramble and we wanted to be as communicative as possible. So my team was really central to making sure that everybody knew what was going on, what the efforts were being made to fix it, time horizon, all of that. So they’ve long since hired the best infrastructure people I think in the industry and refactored the database and everything. So it’s not an issue anymore, but certainly that was a moment of stress at the time.
Why Content Works
Lenny: It’s interesting looking at those times. When you’re in it, you’re like, “We are going to die. We’re down. People will stop using Notion. We’re in big trouble.” When really people always come back if it’s an awesome product. I think of last things down for a week, JIRA or Confluent, and people come back if it’s an awesome product.
Camille Ricketts: I think that’s a good tactical learning and hopefully a takeaway for folks who maybe will experience that moment is that truly there’s more resilience built into the system than you might think.
Content Quality and Investment
Lenny: So speaking of community, you talked about just how important that was during this time and then just in general. I was doing research on you and things that you’ve done over your career to prep for this podcast and I found there’s two areas that you’ve led the charge on and we’re ahead of the curve on and in part help innovate. One is community led growth and two is content marketing in a big way. And so I wanted to focus a lot of our chat on these two areas. Community led growth, it feels like a very buzzy topic on Twitter. Everyone’s always talking about how the future of growth is community. You’ve got to build a community. You got to be community led and all these things. And so I want to try to make this concept concrete and help people understand should they invest in community. How can community help you? When does it make sense to you? When does it not make sense to invest? And so maybe just as a first question, just what is community led growth? What does that actually mean as a concept?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. I think it has become quite buzzy and it’s certainly aspirational for a lot of product led growth companies and even those that are maybe a little bit outside of the product led growth orbit. And we’re seeing all of these startups I think also come out that are about community and how to enhance the effects. In terms of how I think about what it actually is, it’s when your community helps you achieve such ubiquity and such name recognition that it actually allows you to start moving upmarket into the enterprise. And I know that might be very specific to enterprise oriented companies, but that’s how we defined it at Notion was the fact that so many people were talking about this, sharing what they had built about it, honestly starting businesses of their own around it to formalize the relationship with teams that I think it de-risked Notion as a choice for a lot of companies just because they had heard about it through so many channels. They had seen it on social media, they’ve heard about it on a podcast, their friend told them about it, they saw a billboard. All of that lended itself to larger and larger companies and teams buying more and more seats. So I think that’s the power that the community had for us. And I see that also being analogous to what companies like Figma have been able to achieve.
Content and Time Investment
Lenny: It sounds like a lot of the way you’re describing it is basically awareness. Brand awareness is what you found to be maybe the most useful element of this community that you built around Notion.
Camille Ricketts: I love using the word discovery because I think that that is even a little bit like a step further than awareness where true discovery is when you have intent to find out more. You’ve heard about it so many times or you’ve been intrigued by something that someone has told you to the extent that you’re actually going to take the step of now learning about it. And that’s where we really wanted to play and to emphasize our work.
Content-Market Fit Questionnaire
Lenny: Got it. So it sounded like the KPI/OKR of your team was get more people aware and excited to explore Notion.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. And maybe this is a helpful tactical point. I think when people think about acquisition or discovery or brand awareness or brand in general, they’re like what collection of metrics are actually going to give us insight into this? And the one that I found to be the most instructive was net new visitors to the Notion website. So month over month, how many new people who had never been there before were motivated enough to come and actually learn about the product. And that was really the responsibility of the brand team and the folks that worked with me on community and content and all of the awareness campaigns that we were putting out into the field was about getting more new people interested.
The Future of PR and Communications
Lenny: So that begs to the question, did you have any clever ways of attributing that new traffic to stuff your team did versus the SEO team or other teams?
Camille Ricketts: In particular I’ll call out the influencer marketing efforts that were really being run by this incredible woman, Lexi Barnhorn, where they were incredibly measurable. Where we were like, okay, well we’re sponsoring people for this amount, these creators across these platforms and we know that people came from that content directly to the Notion website. So we were able to draw really tight connections. So I think that some types of content lend themselves to that. And then also with community, there’s certain things you can do around helping your community members report on how many people are attending, et cetera, to give you that sense.
Major Breakthrough Moments for Companies
Lenny: So you may be already answering this question, but I’m curious what efforts had the most impact to achieve these goals that you had of creating more awareness and discovery motivation and things like that. What actually worked?
Camille Ricketts: So I’d say that the community efforts that were very big for us we’re the ambassadors. Also making sure that people were hosting in-person events. This really took off in 2019. Obviously we paused for 2020, 2021, but now I just spent time with Notion’s head of community, Ben Lang, who truly is the mastermind and genius behind so much of this and he says that they’re back up to 30 in-person events a month around the world. So that really helped on the international scale of spreading ubiquity and ended up lending itself to relationships with Station F in France, which is the biggest startup campus in Paris. So really helping us work our way into those types of networks and then supporting those people to also start their own businesses and derive whatever reward they were looking for themselves. So we really wanted to align our goals with theirs.
A lot of those folks actually started revenue generating businesses as consultants or course makers or influencers. Some of them just wanted to build their own platforms online. So all of our efforts there are around building guides or counseling people one-on-one or making it easier for them to actually achieve those goals for themselves was also a big part of this growth. And then like I said, influencers. This was something that Ben started exploring in 2019 and we were so pleasantly overwhelmed with the amount of traction and traffic that was driven by working with some of these influencers. And now that program has exploded into a multi-channel effort that’s huge for Notion.
Founders and Social Media
Lenny: Awesome. The influencers makes a lot of sense. I want to learn more about this ambassador program and what that was about with events and maybe just broadly, I imagine a lot of founders might be listening and they’re like, “Yeah, this all sounds awesome, but how do you know if it’s doing anything?” Events. That would be great, but how much is it worth investing? How much time and attention does it take? How do we know if this is actually ROI positive? Is there anything you learn there about just … Is it a founder must believe in this as a thing that is probably going to work sort of thing? Or is there something you found to convince people like, yes, this is how you can know it’s working?
Camille Ricketts: That’s a great question. I think that we were really fortunate that Ivan saw the inherent value in community from the very beginning and was deeply supportive. And actually one of my number one recommendations for anybody who suspects the community could be a big growth driver is to not make metrics the be all end all at the very beginning. So we didn’t necessarily start measuring things very concretely until last year with community. Mostly because we had already seen so much organic scale that we saw being tied to our community efforts in some way in terms of where we were geographically expanding, how people were reporting that they had discovered us whenever we surveyed them. So that type of motion. And I think for any company that is seeing this type of just organic fervor, one of the worst things you can do is say, let’s cut this off at the knees if it’s not generating ROI.
Rapid Fire Questions
Lenny: I imagine internally there’s just like obviously this is good. We may not be able to measure it, but it feels like this is very good for Notion. It feels like especially for a prosumer product like Notion, it makes a lot of sense because it’s driven by people using it and then they bring it into the company, like you said. Maybe it’s less ROI positive or just one enterprise product. Do you have any thoughts there? Is this a great strategy for prosumer enterprise products more so than more enterprise-y?
Camille Ricketts: Definitely I think if you have a long sales cycle or a high price point where there has to be many, many, many touchpoints in order to get somebody to decide to buy, I’m not sure that community should be the number one thing that you invest in. Certainly for freemium products, I think for a lot of them, especially if they have what I’m going to call the atomic unit of sharing, which I will define out, it becomes a no-brainer. I think that community lends itself particularly well if you have something that your product creates that people want to share because it exhibits something about themselves. So at Notion it was templates or even people just creating their own workspaces and being really excited to show them off. So Notion really benefited from being a creative product, but the same is true of Figma or Canva or any of these where showing people what it is that you’ve created is an aspirational thing to do. Because you are showing that you are really well versed in how to use the products, extremely organized. You’re self expressing in some way. So if your product does have that element to it, I think that community is a great investment.
Recommendations and Wrap-Up
Lenny: You touched on this point, and I don’t think people realize this, but you can make a lot of money creating templates on Notion, right? That’s a whole ecosystem. Can you talk about that? Because I don’t think a lot of people know this.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. This is one of the reasons that I would advise any of the companies that feel like they fall into this category start early. Because you need to nurture all of these different routes that people in your community can take. Certainly early on I think that the people that we initially recruited in the ambassadors didn’t see themselves doing maybe even close to a million dollars in business around helping other teams succeed with the product or selling templates. I remember really early on, probably mid 2021 we heard of one creator who had made $35,000 in four months selling one template and that was a very common story then from that point forward. And helping them do that, actually creating the guide material and the networks and also the connections between the people who are running similar businesses who could help each other, that all became really fundamental. But to your point about, oh is this actually related to the enterprise motion for Notion? So many companies now of many sizes are relying on the consultants that first came up through our community and some of those consultants are now employing dozens of other people.
Lenny: That’s incredible. There’s no better way to motivate someone to evangelize Notion than have their income rely on Notion.
Camille Ricketts: And it’s also just inspiring for us, honestly. There’s so many people who started off with not very many followers and now they are celebrities within this ecosystem.
Lenny: So maybe coming back to the ambassador program, that’s separate from this selling Notion templates ecosystem. What is the ambassador program?
Camille Ricketts: They’re actually quite blended because the folks who are excited about Notion, it takes a lot of forms. Sometimes they want to host events, sometimes they want to build templates. So we would actually have channels inside of our Slack instance for the ambassadors that had these areas of focus based on what people really were passionate about or wanted to do and they were like a force multiplying flywheel for each other. Because a lot of folks would enter the ambassadors program and then I’m happy to talk about champions as well, which is a little bit different, and then discover what it would mean for them to build templates and it became motivating for that reason. So on the champions side of things, and this is maybe speaking a little bit more to the enterprise as well, we wondered if the same DNA that existed among consumers for the most part in the ambassadors could work for folks who were inside of our customer companies. And so we launched another community, another Slack instance for folks who were the most passionate or the most avid users of Notion inside of our customer companies, which has become just a wonderful channel for customer success to be more communicative with those companies, make sure that things are sticking or obstacles are being overcome. And that’s been designed very specifically that way and it has been really, really valuable over time.
Lenny: Okay. So let me try to understand this. Champions are basically the most active users of Notion. You put them in a Slack and help them become even more excited and make sure they’re happy. Ambassador. I still don’t totally understand what is an ambassador? Is that someone you’re paying to help promote Notion? What does that actually mean when you’re an ambassador?
Camille Ricketts: They’re people who are really just passionate about the product. So it’s not transactional. They’re people who love building with Notion. They love sharing what they’ve built in order to help others. And they really just want it to be a bigger part of their lives. And I think that one of the points about community is that it’s not just a one-to-one conversation with us. The big draw over time, maybe people joined because they would get early access to features. We would get their feedback. That became really important for our product team or because we would offer AMAs with some of our folks internally. But over time it was really because they were forming these bonds with each other and learning so much from each other that most of the time someone would come in and say, I’m struggling with this or I don’t quite know how to use this and it would be another member of the community that would help them more immediately. So it really allowed them to form these dense networks of friendships that I think became just a positive part of people’s lives.
Lenny: What I’m taking away from this partly is you identify a group of people that are interested in Notion, excited about Notion and then just lean in to support them. There’s people that are buying Notion and that are power users, help them be better power users. Influencers that are kind of excited about Notion, pay them to promote Notion. Then the ambassadors that are people just passionate about Notion, help them be more passionate. And then the people making templates, help them be successful. Is that roughly how you think about it? Just identify something that’s working and make it more effective?
Camille Ricketts: I think if it doesn’t sound too reductive, yes. I would also say that one of the things that I think Ben was best at is not putting a one size fits all experience on any of this. I think that some communities get built where people are like, okay, well we have this community and it’s going to be this and this and this, or these are the types of programs we’re going to offer or these are the types of interactions we’re going to have. As opposed to I think a lot of listening of the people who are actually participating. Really early on one of the things that Ben did that I thought was really amazing was he’d spend a ton of time just on Zoom having conversations, one-on-one conversations, semi small group conversations just saying, “Why are you here? Why do you like participating in this? What is it that would make it better?” And really helping our entire team follow their lead. I would recommend highly not necessarily coming in with preconceived notions about what a community needs to look like.
Lenny: You touched on this, that if the founder believes in the power of community, this becomes so much easier. A lot of founders are like, “Nah. That’s a waste of time.” Do you think founders are convincible that building community and investing in community is worth it? Have you seen that effective where a founder just comes into it being like, “Nah, I don’t think this is worth our time,” and then they get convinced later? Or is it just like, “Nah, forget it. Don’t even try.”?
Camille Ricketts: I mean I’ve talked to a lot of different people who come at this with different impressions and everybody knows more about their company than I do, but I do think that if ubiquity or just the sheer word of mouth engine is something that is going to be valuable for your company over time, I would really urge people to sit down and really think carefully what is going to be more conducive to our long-term success? Is it going to be that ubiquity or is it going to be revenue now? And I think if we look at a lot of the companies that have been just wildly successful from the start, they’re people who have pushed off maybe monetizing every little thing if it’s going to really put a damper on that type of enthusiasm and momentum that people have to share it at what it is they’re doing. Because there’s always opportunity I think later once you have that big tide of people who are not just excited but also legitimizing what it is that you do every single day, that gets mobilized in a lot of different directions and you have a lot more options then.
Lenny: What’s interesting about Notion is you have high LTVs when you sell to larger companies, but the initial users are often just regular folks. And so I think it’s a unique place where you have cash to spend on making it ubiquitous and getting the word out through all these community efforts because it’ll pay off. And a lot of companies probably don’t have that advantage. So would it feel right to say that this is really effective for product led, growthy, freemium products most? Is that a good way to think about it?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. Or I think if organic growth is something that you see being really beneficial or if organic growth happens to be something you really have to crack because you don’t always have everything you need for paid growth from either a resourcing standpoint, team standpoint, really figuring out how to get that organic flywheel going can serve you well. It becomes this buttress for any paid growth you explore in the future.
Lenny:
What other companies come to mind when you think about companies that effectively did community led growth, did community well and grew in large part because of community?
Camille Ricketts: I’ve mentioned Figma a couple times here so I don’t want to beleaguer the point, but they’re certainly a team that I’ve looked up to through my entire experience at Notion. We were kind of sibling companies in a way. Huge kudos to Claire Butler over there who I knew led all of those efforts and we would trade a lot of knowledge back and forth, which was so lovely to have that relationship. But they did an amazing job I think in a similar vein to Notion of saying, okay, people are really excited to create these things and then put them out there on the internet. So how can we just fuel that particular motion out there? The other example I’ll give, which is a little bit of a different tack is Stripe. And when Stripe launched Stripe Atlas, not necessarily core to the initial product line that Stripe was known for and what had been foundational for them, but allowed them to build this community among probably their core demographic at the time, which was founders and startups that were growing through the stages to mid-market, they were able to cultivate this huge audience of founders around giving advice and providing them with resources to actually get started and do that zero to one journey.
So while it was adjacent to maybe what the company’s core mission was, it allowed them to actually create community among their customer base because they were like, “We’re knowledgeable. We can share these things with you that we know are core to your journey.” So I would encourage anyone who’s thinking about community that way to be like, “Oh, maybe it doesn’t have to be around our product. So specifically. What other knowledge or resourcing can we offer to the people who we do want using our product that’s going to be really instrumental for them and can we convene them around that idea?”
Lenny: I’m noticing a strong correlation between legendary generational companies, Figma, Stripe, Notion and community efforts and building community. That’s interesting.
Camille Ricketts: Yes. I’m a big proponent. At the same time I don’t think that community is right for every company. I think that there is definitely an analysis to run on that. But hopefully this is helpful for those who can identify that those are attributes they have.
Lenny: To pull on a thread there, what are maybe thoughts for when it probably doesn’t make sense to invest a lot of efforts into building a community around your product? We talked a little bit about high-end enterprise products. Is there anything else that just like, man, it’s probably not worth your time?
Camille Ricketts: Like I said, if it’s more of a sales led culture that you have, which is definitely true of products that are a little bit pricier or that require longer contracts, so understanding that. But I do think the community takes on different forms and I think when you hear the word community, you think of a big forum of some type, whether it’s a Slack instance or something else where people are chatting away all day long. And I don’t think it has to be that. That’s not the only representation of it. So if you think about what is going to be right for you at any given time, I actually created this two by two matrix, which maybe I’ll share with you after this. And on the axis you have, whether you have hit product market fit or if you’re still exploring product market set and then whether you’re strongly enterprise or strongly consumer. And based on where you land in that two by two matrix, there’s a form of community or a community related initiative that could be right for you.
So just to give you an example of maybe an extremely different form factor from Notion, let’s say that you’re still on your way to product market fit and you’re a strongly enterprise oriented product. I think that you have the opportunity to do customer advisory boards, which is really convening even smaller circles of ideal fit users and making sure that they are connected to each other as well as you, and then incentivize to provide you with feedback. Understanding that they’re really on the ground floor of this journey with you and that they’re going to be able to have influence over whatever you do in the future. Those folks can end up growing into your biggest evangelists and I’ve seen that happen a number of times and I would still consider that community even though maybe that is not what comes to mind for folks.
Lenny: Well I imagine that becomes the seed of a community that you eventually build. Let’s definitely link to this in the show notes. Can you give maybe a couple more examples of this grid? So that was pre-product market fit and then what was the other?
Camille Ricketts: Strongly enterprise.
Lenny: Enterprise. Okay, cool. Yeah, what are a couple other of the elements of this grid?
Camille Ricketts: So if you’re strongly enterprise and you have product market fit, let’s say, this is something that Notion has really benefited from, but really emphasizing the champions in the consultants communities. So the folks who, like I said, may be inside of your customers who really get it, really get your value, really are excited to help you land and expand perhaps inside of their companies, making sure that they have a place to gather and a place to feel like they are more connected with your team than the average person gets to be. That they are special and that they have access. And then on the consultant side, like I said, just making it really easy, removing friction, helping promote the folks who want to be out there, helping you succeed with more customers. Like Salesforce. I know that this is a golden oldie of an example, but if you talk to anybody who was really early at Salesforce, they really went into this where they saw people emerging who wanted to help other companies. This layer of people who didn’t work at Salesforce but saw the opportunity to help other companies actually succeed with it, implement it, grow with it, and that’s become a massive part of Salesforce’s model. And so if you’re in that quadrant, figuring out how to start moving people in your customer base into those categories.
Lenny: This is awesome. Maybe let’s do one more of this grid and then we’ll leave one for people to click into and check it out.
Camille Ricketts: I’ll talk about Notion’s quadrant, which is the one that I would put up and to the right, which is you have product market fit and you’re maybe a little bit closer to the consumer side of the spectrum. Obviously Notion runs the full gamut, but I would say especially early on I think that that’s where we saw things take root and that’s where I think ambassadors and influencers really take off. Individuals who are going to be extremely vocal, extremely excited, and where you’re going to see more of this wildfire spread, at least trying the product, using the product, understanding what the product is. So if you can try to fuel that type of motion if you’re in that quadrant, that’s helpful.
Lenny: I want to come back to this ambassador program real quick because it feels like something that a lot of people talk about and can do and especially in this quadrant of product market fit and consumer. How does this work? Is it you select, here’s 100 ambassadors we’re going to pick because we think they’re awesome and they’re great examples of people using, say, Notion and then we’re just going to provide them with all the help they need to be successful with Notion. How do you think about creating an ambassador program?
Camille Ricketts: I actually think it’s pretty analogous to when you’re thinking about positioning your company because I think the best first step for any positioning exercise is to think who are our best fit customers? And it’s not necessarily who we wish they would be, but it’s actually the hard cold reality of who they actually are. Where it’s like these are the people that seem to be really getting it. They’re paying us more, they’re talking about it just organically. So really figuring out everything about who they are and making sure that those are the people that you’re actually inviting in early. So the initial base of the ambassadors program which started back in 2019 was just 20 people and they were the 20 people who we happened to see be the most vocal already across Twitter and a couple of other social media platforms because they had that shared quality of wanting to be really vocal and expressive about their experience with the product. So that would be my advice for how to get one of these rolling.
Lenny: And then what do you do for them?
Camille Ricketts: Definitely making sure that there’s enough incentive built in, right? Because like we said, it’s not meant to be a transactional relationship, but we want them to feel like they are having a special experience, that they are connected with the company in a unique way. And it was so interesting to us how giving them the preview of features was so motivating to them and being able to use them and then give us feedback and feel really heard by the product team. So that was a big area of focus and I know that that still is and it’s become even more of a robust conversation between the community and the team at Notion itself.
And then also we would do these very special experiences where Ivan or Akshay or Simon or MLM who’s the head of engineering there would be available for these conversations where they would answer questions and it would feel like a very proprietary space. I think that that was really interesting to people. And then of course the things that you would suspect around subsidizing events. Making sure that people felt that they were actually supported by us to throw these events. And then also promoting their work. So if you look back at the social media channels, so much of the focus is on putting the creations of the people we were working with front and center as opposed to talking about just what the company was up to.
Lenny: Have you ever written about just how to design an ambassador program or has anyone written about how Notion did this? Because this is really interesting.
Camille Ricketts: I don’t know if anything has been written or went into all of this detail, but it was truly one of the more magical and I think still is one of the more magical parts of this entire endeavor. And now that team is three people. So Ben who’s still there doing amazing things, Francisco who joined us in 2021. Or sorry at the end of 2020. And then Emma. And they are just all day every day talking to people around the whole world. The international component of this is also just completely wild to see.
Lenny: This could be a future First Round Review post, which we’ll talk a bit about.
Camille Ricketts: Yes. Perhaps.
Lenny: Last question about this segment. Say someone is convinced they want to start investing in community and we talked about this two by two, but maybe just broadly if you had to boil it down to two or three pieces of advice for founders, for teams thinking about investing in community led growth and community in general, what would be some of those pieces of advice?
Camille Ricketts: I don’t know if you want to link to this in the show notes as well, but I actually put together some commandments for community builders.
Lenny: Ooh. Absolutely.
Camille Ricketts: Some alliteration. So the thing that I think were very defining for us early on, I already mentioned something about this, but not trying to hit a number early on. So don’t dilute the impact of what it is that you’re trying to do in order to show growth. I think that that’s very important to protect yourself early on. So making sure that you are learning what individuals really want out of this and making them feel like they’re very seen and very heard. That was a big area of focus and I think it’s what kept people really engaged and coming back and feeling like this was a secondary family for them. And then one of the things that was most interesting to us that once we started sharing what was going on in the community with folks at Notion. So we would do this during all Hands meetings or on Slack, Ben would post these really incredible updates of just all of the activities of people in the community and what they were up to every month.
And it was just so inspiring for everybody inside the company that I think it all rallied us to do even more, I guess, day to day and really understand who it was we were building for.
Lenny: Is there any other commandments you would add for if you already have a community going? If you have something bubbling for things you should do to keep it healthy and consistently good and growing?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. I mean this is going to be a little contrarian perhaps, and I mean this is just one data point for me, but not growing it so big so fast. One thing that we actually thought about pretty carefully was what a rate of healthy growth would be. So there actually is an application process for joining the ambassadors. It’s a very light application process and it really is just so that we know how many people are interested in this. And then they’re inducted around … I think at the time it was 20 people at a time every month. So that it wouldn’t feel like all of a sudden this had changed in terms of how the interactions were feeling, but rather gave everybody time to welcome the new people in and get to know them. And one of Ben and I’s favorite things ever about working at Notion I think was when we would induct new people into the ambassadors and they would introduce themselves and say, “Hey, I am from Venezuela and here’s the ways in which notion has changed my life.”
Lenny: That’s awesome.
Camille Ricketts: “I’m from Hong Kong and here’s how it’s changed my life.” And all of that was just so fulfilling. That would be the number one thing I would say is give your community time to actually grow in what feels like an organic fashion as well. Because I think ironically, and then I’ll stop rambling about this, but if you grow to something like, oh we have 5,000 ambassadors, which feels really good to say on a website, the conversation is actually very muted. I think because people feel like they’re speaking to an auditorium whenever they say anything. I think it’s because you don’t really have a sense of who else is there with you. So helping to defray those concerns I think is a good course of action.
Lenny: I’ve seen the same thing with the growth rate being really important with my newsletter Slack community. I think most listeners probably know this, but if you’re a paid newsletter subscriber, you get access to the Slack community. There’s about 10,000 people in there. And I find the filter of people that are willing to pay for content like a newsletter is a really good filter for awesome people. And so it ends up slowing growth in a really healthy way and then just creating this filter of the people that really want to self-improve and value the sort of thing join, and it becomes a really amazing group of people.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. It feels like such a … I don’t know. There’s an emotional quality to it I think when that’s the case. And all of those people end up being so incredibly impactful. The last point I’ll make about community at Notion is that a lot of those people, and we actually ended up launching I think a channel for folks who wanted to do this in particular, but run communities external to Notion’s actual owned communities. So you end up with Facebook groups that have … I think Notion in Vietnam has like 250,000 members. Or the subreddit, which I now know has 210,000 people in the Notion subreddit. And those are all run and moderated by community members who just love running their own communities.
Lenny: I feel like you’ve achieved your OKRs of ubiquity of Notion.
Camille Ricketts: Yes. It was always a value at Notion to make sure that we were reaching as many people as possible.
Lenny: It’s working. One tactical question. Where does the own community of Notion live? Is it a Slack? Is it an online thing you’ve built yourself?
Camille Ricketts: It is in Slack. And the thinking there, and it still is, was that we really just wanted to be in the course of people’s everyday lives. We didn’t want to be this other destination that you would have to make a point to going to every day.
Lenny: That’s exactly how I thought about it with my newsletter Slack community. PMs and founders, they’re already in Slack all day. And just that badge, being on the app telling them there’s something to check is such a powerful feature versus download a whole new app or go to a whole new website, you’re never going to go there. It has to be 10 times better to pull you to a whole new site and change your habits.
Camille Ricketts: I absolutely agree.
Lenny: I’m glad we’re all on Slack. Slack’s so underrated. I feel like people hate on Slack all the time, but it’s such a good product.
Camille Ricketts: We all love it. It’s just becomes something we take for granted in the background there.
Lenny: Yeah, exactly. Okay. This is a good time to shift to our second topic, which is around content and content marketing. So you started the First Round Review at First Round?
Camille Ricketts: Yes.
Lenny: I don’t know if you know this, but First Round Review was a big part of my early trajectory with this newsletter life. I did a guest post in the First Round Review and that was-
Camille Ricketts: I remember this.
Lenny: That was a huge deal for me. That was my first 500 subscribers to my newsletter.
Camille Ricketts: Wow.
Lenny: Then I did another guest post down the road, but that was not as important. It was a big part of my early path down this life. And so thank you for creating that platform. I was very honored to be involved.
Camille Ricketts: That’s fantastic to hear and exactly what we wanted to have happen. Just extraordinary operators being given a platform and then using it to do whatever it is that they wanted to do. That was part of the dream always.
Lenny: It’s working.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. I’m thrilled because now people are learning so much from you.
Lenny: Yeah. It’s an inspiration for where when I started too, just I wish I could be as good as the First Round Review and the stuff just keeps coming and coming. It’s amazing. And I know other folks run it now. I don’t know if they want to be named. They like to be behind the scenes.
Camille Ricketts: They do, but I’m going to shout them out anyway because they do such an extraordinary job. I mean, Jessi Craige Shikman over there has been doing this now for longer than I did and she is absolutely incredible and her team is extraordinary and I don’t miss it every single time it comes out.
Lenny: Yeah. I tried to thank her my post. She’s like, “Don’t mention that. I’m behind the scenes.”
Camille Ricketts: Maybe I’ll ask her.
Lenny: We have to give her some cred somehow.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah, absolutely. She deserves it.
Lenny: So kind of zooming out, content marketing, maybe just to give some examples of just what are some of the most impactful things you’ve been a part of that come from creating content? Whether it’s Notion, First Round, anywhere else, what are some examples?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah, I’ll give a few examples. Obviously First Round is a huge example and so I’d be remiss in not going into some detail there. And truly that was a team effort from the very beginning. I joined in 2013 and again, I was just so fortunate to work with a leader who believed in it from the very beginning. Josh Kopelman, who’s the partner there who was just a massive supporter of mine. Phin Barnes on the partnership team. But then particularly Brett Burson who was running the platform team, which is where all of these value added services lived.
So it was me and an events person and the talent person and Brett just gave us all of the runway and all of the belief and support that we needed. And he was really bullish on content and really helped from the beginning, connecting me with incredible interview subjects. Because this whole thing, the only reason I think it survived and did as well as it did is that we were able to land a few really big names at the very beginning. And then of course that helps you down the road whenever you’re trying to convince anyone else to do it because you say so and so and so and so have already been featured. So that was I think just a big point of confidence and also tactically, for anyone out there thinking about it, if they can leverage whatever connections they have in that vein.
Lenny: I was at dinner with Brett yesterday.
Camille Ricketts: Oh my god. What a guy, right?
Lenny: First Round event. What a guy. That guy’s amazing. I’m a huge fan. He’s built an incredible platform and program at First Round.
Camille Ricketts: And he’s one of the people that I’ve learned the most from, certainly. But more specific to your question around what the content program was able to do there, certainly discovery of First Round. I think prior to that it was a very successful VC fund, but I think we got in front of all kinds of people, particularly in non-traditional geographies or non-traditional founder types or all of that. People who are inside large companies like Google, Apple, Amazon, whenever we would look at our list of subscribers, we had an disproportionate number of email addresses within those companies that were clearly curious about the startup experience. And I think First Round Review was helpful in moving them more toward that mindset and then them obviously understanding that First Round would be a great first stop for them.
Lenny: What would you say is key to content being valuable? So you’re talking about the First Round Review became really effective for people learning about First Round, working with First Round, discovery of First Round, but it’s not just with content you just write some stuff and it works. It doesn’t work that way. What have you learned about just what do you have to get right? You mentioned have names people recognize. Is there anything else you’ve learned over the years of just like, here’s what we need to get right if you’re trying to use content as a way to create discovery and awareness of your stuff?
Camille Ricketts: This is something that I think we chatted about briefly, but the way that you think about product market fit, you have to think about content market fit. So even though content feels like it’s running adjacent to the actual product that you’re putting out there, you still have to think about who is my audience? Who is the audience that I really want to have? Who is the audience that is going to be drawn to this most? Who are they? What is it that they really need in their lives? Even abstracting content from it at all. What is it that they need to get promoted? What is it that they need to avoid failure? What is it that causes them a great deal of anxiety in the day-to-day of their lives or their work? And can you create some type of content product that is going to address this for them and is actually going to have that value?
So I think approaching content the way that you would a product in a lot of ways is very instructive way to sort of start hashing out your strategy. Starting with your audience, understanding their big needs. You’ve heard this, I’m sure, and most of your audience has, but there’s the vitamin versus painkiller dichotomy. And painkillers always win. So can your content be a painkiller? Can it help people out of situations that are causing them a lot of pain? Can it help people stop being so confused or can it make them even feel less alone in their experience? That was a big one for First Round Review is helping operators share failures or suboptimal situations in the spirit of helping many other people feel like that was normalized and that the experiences they were having weren’t as dire as maybe they had thought.
Lenny: I love that. It connects so much with the way I think about writing. I use the jobs to be done framework a little bit here where I’m just like, what job am I doing when I’m writing a post? And you tell me if this makes sense to you, but I feel like there’s four jobs to be done of a newsletter. Either how people make money. There’s newsletters, here’s how to invest, here’s how to buy Bitcoin and win. How people make money. Entertain people. There’s a lot of funny things, memes and cartoons and things like that. How people get better at their work or life, which is the category we’re in. And then inform people. Like news.
Camille Ricketts: Yes. What they didn’t know before. Yeah.
Lenny: And it feels like you got to do really well. You got to pick which bucket you’re in. And let me know if you can think of any others because these are the four that I always come back to. And then pick your bucket and then it’s be the best at that thing in your category. The way I think about it.
Camille Ricketts: I love that listing out of those and also the acknowledgement that there are emotional jobs to be done. That there are not just utilitarian jobs to be done. It’s not just, you didn’t know this before and now you do, but it’s like you felt this way before and now you don’t or you do. And I think that that’s underestimated. So I love that you called out entertaining people because we’re all working in an industry where it’s wonderful to interact with some of that sparkle and levity. So I love that approach.
Lenny: And something else that goes unsaid I think in the way you talked about this is just putting in the time to make it really high quality. If you look at a First Round post, how much time would you say goes into in the typical First Round Review post?
Camille Ricketts: Oh gosh. Here’s where I’m going to shout out my writing partner at First Round, Sean Young, who was there with me for most of my time there and he and I would always, always talk about this. But it would take eight hours to just write the thing. And that’s after you had done all of the prep work of making sure that your interviewee was feeling really anchored and understanding a topic that you were both really excited about and making sure you were mining all of the tactical gems from that conversation. And then you would start writing and that would be another eight hours. I don’t know if that’s your experience, but certainly was ours.
Lenny: Yeah, very similar. I don’t tie myself, but I feel like the median time to write a post for me is about 10 hours.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah.
Lenny: And that’s I think the key that a lot of people don’t think about. One is they don’t have the time, and two, they don’t realize they should spend this much time because the bar’s so high for content on the internet as we all know. There’s so much stuff out there. And so to get above that noise you have to really make it really good and that just takes time. And I find this really strong correlation between the time it takes me to write a post and how well it does. It’s very highly correlated. And the advantage folks like say the First Round Review have and I have is I do this and there’s a team doing this. And so people that are doing this on the side, it’s much harder because they don’t have that time.
Camille Ricketts: It is. I end up admiring those people a lot where I’m like, how are you doing this?
Lenny: Yeah. They’re sacrificing something.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. But truly, it’s a very shared experience with you. And I think that a lot of that was making connections between the information that you had available from these interviews. So not just straight here’s what this person said, but how can you draw connections between those things, connect the dots, pull out bigger themes. All of that is really where I think a lot of the time went.
Lenny: So you said you had this content market fit questionnaire that you talked through. You’re going to send me a link that we can point people to check it out, right?
Camille Ricketts: Yes.
Lenny: Okay, awesome.
Camille Ricketts: Absolutely. A lot of it is about getting to know your audience to an almost beleaguered degree.
Lenny: Which is basically what job will you do for them, like you said. And so that makes sense. Maybe a couple more questions. Something that I’ve noticed a lot, and this is related to content and just PR and stuff like that. I’ve noticed a lot of people on Twitter and founders are trying to pitch this idea that you don’t need to think about comms and press and PR as much because now you can go direct. You can have a newsletter, you can write, you can tweet, you can LinkedIn. Do you feel like that is where the future is going for founder press and comms and things like that or do you think you still need to have a really strong comms, press, PR org within your company?
Camille Ricketts: That’s a great question because I think that there’s been just a lot of change in this space over the last five years and certainly very strong opinions from all over the ecosystem. I’m a big believer in comms. And I don’t just say that because I used to be a journalist or I used to work in comms. But I think that there are very few and far between incredible megaphones for what it is that you or your company is doing where you get to reach such a breadth of people with that stamp of credibility and notice. How do you get somebody to say, “Hey, this is really something you should pay attention to.”? Obviously I support all of the owned media efforts that are really working and bubbling up. And like I said, influencer I think is going to be a massive shift in how we discover things, but maintaining a wonderful relationship with the press, being straightforward, being that brand that is going to be accessible, I really think that that pays off.
And just to give you one example, David Pierce, who I think is one of the best working journalists in tech today, he’s at The Verge now. He was covering personal tech for the Wall Street Journal early on at Notion and published a story that said this is the one work-life productivity app that you’ll ever need. And that was Notion’s big break. Truly, if you look back at the graphs, that made a demonstrable difference. And I’ve seen that happen time and time again. And one of my other efforts at First Round was helping companies in the portfolio figure out how to DIY comm strategies. And I saw this again and again that the companies that did get stories that really told their mission, it made a big difference for just discovery awareness. The number of people who wanted to be involved with them as candidates, as investors, as customers.
Lenny: This gives me a new post idea of just what are the big breaks of companies? What was the moment where they started taking off? Note to self?
Camille Ricketts: Yes. The other big thing for the Notion was product hunts. I want to give them-
Lenny: Oh, okay. So posting on Product Hunt, that was a big deal for Notion.
Camille Ricketts: It was. And it remains a big deal. If you go on Product Hunt and you type in Notion, you’ll see just how many templates have been able to get noted because of Product Hunt.
Lenny: So it’s the templates being posted, but then also the launch of Notion on Product Hunt?
Camille Ricketts: Yes. And Notion 2.0. And then whenever we would have a major productized launch.
Lenny: Wow, that’s awesome. Man, Product Hunt just keeps kicking.
Camille Ricketts: Notion AI very recently for them, which couldn’t be more exciting.
Lenny: I have access to that. I’ve been playing around. It’s awesome. Maybe a last question along these lines is thinking about the founders that you’ve worked with. So on the one hand you have Elon who is very direct on Twitter to his audience, and then Ivan feels much less so and more under the radar and doesn’t love tweeting a lot. And then First Round Review somewhere in the middle. Do you have any thoughts on how much a founder should invest in, say, tweeting and going and communicating direct to folk? Or is it more just whatever the founder is, their personality, just go with that?
Camille Ricketts: I really do think it’s about personality and what feels authentic. I think that so much of a founder’s strength comes from leaning into where they know that they love to work, what they know about themselves. And I think that one of the biggest mistakes you can make on social media is giving yourself a quota that you have to hit and say, I have to say X number of scintillating things every week on these platforms. We’ve just seen so much more traction, even from the main Notion accounts when we’re a little bit more reserved and we wait until we have something to say that has value.
Lenny: Awesome. Any last closing thoughts before we get to our very exciting lightning round?
Camille Ricketts: Closing thoughts. No, this was a wonderful conversation. Thank you so much for letting me share. Truly, I also want to make sure I’m giving a lot of credit away from all the people that I mentioned throughout. It was all just a major team effort and I’ve gotten very, very lucky to work with the best people.
Lenny: Awesome. We’ll try to link to all of the people you mentioned in our show notes. We try to do that every time. So it’ll be a long show notes. And we’re not done yet. We’ve reached our very exciting lightning round. I am going to ask you six questions real quick. Whatever comes to mind, we’ll go through it pretty fast. That sound good?
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. We’ll see how it goes.
Lenny: Let’s go. No pressure. What are two to three books that you recommend most, that you’ve recommended most to other people?
Camille Ricketts: Obviously Awesome by April Dunford. If you’re looking to position your company, I don’t know if you’ve read it, but it is a step-by-step guide. It’s like 100 pages long.
Lenny: I’ve read it. She’s done a guest post on my newsletter. She’s been on the podcast. So all over it.
Camille Ricketts: Oh, fantastic. She’s incredible. Yes. Oh gosh. I’m going to have a hard time coming up with two other books that have had that sizable of an impact.
Lenny: We can keep it to one too. It’s all good.
Camille Ricketts: Can we keep it to one?
Lenny: Yes. Just the one. All you need. What’s a favorite other podcast that you listen to other than the one you’re on currently?
Camille Ricketts: I mean, I love your podcast.
Lenny: Thank you.
Camille Ricketts: Harry Stubbings never ceases to amaze me. We’ve gone on at Notion a couple times and I just really appreciate his approach to mining a lot of incredible information and unexpected stuff.
Lenny: Harry Stubbings is the godfather of this podcast because I did his podcast and at the end of it privately he’s like, “Lenny, you need to do a podcast, you idiot. Why are you not doing a podcast?” And that got me over the hump and look at us now. So yeah, huge shout out to Harry.
Camille Ricketts: I love all of these connections that exists. That’s wonderful.
Lenny: Yeah. Next question. Favorite recent movie or TV show that you’ve loved?
Camille Ricketts: Oh gosh. Recent. I went to go see Tar, which I know is going to be not everybody’s cup of tea, but it was just incredible to watch this performance from Kate Blanchett. She learned German. She learned how to be a credible conductor of a major symphony orchestra. If you want to see a bravura performance, that’s the one to see. And then recent television show I’m watching Fleischman is in Trouble. I love the book and I just think that the detail and texture of that show is super well done.
Lenny: Awesome. My wife and I have been watching that and it’s awesome. Last episode was less exciting, so I’m curious where it all goes, but I’m watching.
Camille Ricketts: Agreeing. But every time Claire Danes is on screen, I’m riveted. Yeah.
Lenny: Favorite interview question that you like to ask folks, either when you’re interviewing at a place, hiring, anything that comes to mind.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. The one thing that was really helpful, because we used to do this thing at First Round Review where we would explore topics and be like, how do we get to a topics that’s going to be unique or new knowledge or whatever it was. And it was, what is one thing that you think that led to your success that nobody else in your peer set has done? What was something that you did on a lark or that you were like, this is a big bet, or this isn’t probably going to work, or it’s a mistake that it even turned out this way, but it ended up being great. What is that one thing that was unusually conceived that you want to share with people?
Lenny: I love that question. I almost want to answer it, but let’s move on. What are five SaaS products that you use or have used other than notion that you found to be really good other than maybe Slack, which everyone always mentions.
Camille Ricketts: I mean, I’m in love with Notion. The other thing, the other great love of my life right now is Arc, The Browser Company.
Lenny: Oh my God, I love Arc. I just switched to it. I love it.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. It was something that I tried and within an hour I’ve made it my default browser and I just think it’s beautiful and delightful in one of those intangible ways that a lot of these products are
Lenny: Same. Yes. Cool. Oh, there’s more. Yeah.
Camille Ricketts: I already talked about Figma. I love Figma. I actually use it in my day to day life, which is one of the best parts of it is that folks who are not necessarily designers or highly technical can also get a lot out of it. Superhuman. Couldn’t live my life without Superhuman. Whenever I have to go back into Gmail to set an autoresponder or whatever, I’m like, ugh, my eyes. So couldn’t live without that. Gosh, I’m on sabbatical, so I don’t know how many other SaaS products I’m actually using day to day so I’m going to keep it at three.
Lenny: All right. Yeah. Use less SaaS products during your sabbatical. It’s a good philosophy.
Camille Ricketts: Yeah. I don’t know if that was your experience, but just is. Oh, the other one I’ll shout out, even though this is like a sneaky Notion plug is Kron. So if anybody isn’t using the Kron calendar, which is now part of Notion as some folks might know, it is in fact the best calendar product on the market.
Lenny: Sneaky, sneaky. Last question. What’s a favorite read or course or just anything you’d recommend for people to level up their community building skills to build a community, run a community? What would you point people to?
Camille Ricketts: I’m not aware of any courses that are necessarily offered. Ben Lang has done a number of AMAs or interviews, so if you want to just Google Ben Lang and the word community or Notion, you’re going to find just a lot of incredible insight. And his experience has been, I think … In terms of community people operating in tech, Ben is top level, so find whatever he’s said.
Lenny: Awesome. We will find it. We will link to it. Camille, I just met you an hour ago, but I feel like I’ve known you forever. This was amazing.
Camille Ricketts: Likewise. Thank you.
Lenny: Thank you so much for making time for this. Two last questions. Where can folks find you online if they want to reach out, learn more? You’re on sabbatical now, and so maybe share what you’re thinking about next and what you could be … I don’t know. And I guess this is the second question. How can listeners be useful to you?
Camille Ricketts: Thank you for that. You can find me on Twitter. I’m just @CamilleRicketts. Super straightforward. Still sticking with it. And in terms of where I’m at in my life, I’m just interested in meeting as many fascinating new people and learning about things as possible. I’ve started going to these Founders You Should Know events for anybody who’s interested about FYSK, and just meeting as many cool people who are building just incredible concepts. It’s inspiring every time, and I just want my whole life to look like that. So get in touch if you’re building something and think I could be helpful.
Lenny: Amazing. Camille, thank you so much for being here.
Camille Ricketts: Thank you so much. This was wonderful.
Lenny: Thank you so much for listening. If you found this valuable, you can subscribe to the show on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or your favorite podcast app. Also, please consider giving us a rating or leaving a review as that really helps other listeners find the podcast. You can find all past episodes or learn more about the show at lennyspodcast.com. See you in the next episode.
Glossary
| English | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Obviously Awesome | Obviously Awesome(书名,保留原文) |
| AMA | AMA(Ask Me Anything,保留原文) |
| ambassadors | 大使计划(ambassadors) |
| April Dunford | April Dunford(人名,保留原文) |
| Arc | Arc(产品名,保留原文) |
| atomic unit of sharing | 可分享的原子单元(atomic unit of sharing) |
| Ben Lang | Ben Lang(人名,保留原文) |
| Brett Burson | Brett Burson(人名,保留原文) |
| Camille Ricketts | Camille Ricketts(人名,保留原文) |
| Champions | Champions(Notion 社区项目名,保留原文) |
| Claire Butler | Claire Butler(人名,保留原文) |
| Claire Danes | Claire Danes(人名,保留原文) |
| commandments | 诫命(commandments) |
| comms | 传播(communications) |
| community-led growth | 社区驱动增长 |
| content market fit | 内容市场契合(content market fit) |
| content marketing | 内容营销 |
| Cron | Cron(产品名,保留原文) |
| customer advisory boards | 客户顾问委员会(customer advisory boards) |
| David Pierce | David Pierce(人名,保留原文) |
| discovery | 发现(discovery) |
| Figma | Figma(公司名,保留原文) |
| First Round Capital | First Round Capital(机构名,保留原文) |
| First Round Review | First Round Review(出版物名,保留原文) |
| flywheel | 飞轮 |
| Founders You Should Know | Founders You Should Know(活动名,保留原文) |
| freemium | 免费增值(freemium) |
| FYSK | FYSK(Founders You Should Know 缩写,保留原文) |
| Harry Stubbings | Harry Stubbings(人名,保留原文) |
| HVAC | 暖通系统 |
| influencer marketing | 影响者营销 |
| Ivan Zhao | Ivan Zhao(人名,Notion 联合创始人,保留原文) |
| Jessi Craige Shikman | Jessi Craige Shikman(人名,保留原文) |
| jobs to be done | 待办任务(jobs to be done) |
| Josh Kopelman | Josh Kopelman(人名,保留原文) |
| Kate Blanchett | Kate Blanchett(人名,保留原文) |
| Kiva | Kiva(机构名,保留原文) |
| land and expand | 客户内部拓展(land and expand) |
| Lexi Barnhorn | Lexi Barnhorn(人名,保留原文) |
| LTV | LTV(客户生命周期价值,保留原文) |
| Model S | Model S(特斯拉车型名,保留原文) |
| Notion | Notion(产品名,保留原文) |
| OKRs | OKRs(目标与关键结果,保留原文) |
| operators | 从业者(operators) |
| organic growth | 有机增长 |
| owned media | 自有媒体(owned media) |
| paid growth | 付费增长 |
| Phin Barnes | Phin Barnes(人名,保留原文) |
| PR | 公关(PR) |
| Product Hunt | Product Hunt(平台名,保留原文) |
| product led | 产品驱动型 |
| product market fit | 产品市场契合(product-market fit) |
| productized launch | 产品化发布(productized launch) |
| Roadster | Roadster(特斯拉车型名,保留原文) |
| ROI | ROI(投资回报率,保留原文) |
| Sean Young | Sean Young(人名,保留原文) |
| Simon | Simon(人名,Notion 联合创始人,保留原文) |
| Station F | Station F(机构名,保留原文) |
| Stripe | Stripe(公司名,保留原文) |
| Stripe Atlas | Stripe Atlas(产品名,保留原文) |
| subreddit | subreddit(Reddit 子版块,保留原文) |
| Superhuman | Superhuman(产品名,保留原文) |
| The Browser Company | The Browser Company(公司名,保留原文) |
| The Verge | The Verge(媒体名,保留原文) |
| ubiquity | 普及度 |
| vitamin versus painkiller | 维生素与止痛片(vitamin versus painkiller) |
| Wall Street Journal | 《华尔街日报》 |
| zero to one | 从零到一 |
Reformatted by reformat_english.py
Notion 如何借助社区打造百亿美元业务 | Camille Ricketts
Notion 如何借助社区打造百亿美元业务 | Camille Ricketts
访谈记录
内容市场契合
Camille Ricketts: 你思考产品市场契合(product market fit)的方式,同样适用于内容市场契合(content market fit)。所以尽管内容看起来和你推出的实际产品是平行运作的,你仍然需要思考:我的受众是谁?我真正想要的受众是谁?最容易被此吸引的受众是谁?他们是什么样的人?即使完全抛开内容不谈,他们真正需要什么?他们需要什么才能获得晋升?他们需要什么才能避免失败?什么在他们的日常生活或工作中让他们深感焦虑?你能否创造出某种内容产品来为他们解决这些问题?
嘉宾介绍
Lenny: 欢迎收听 Lenny 的播客。我是 Lenny,我的目标是帮助你更好地掌握打造和增长产品的技艺。我采访世界级的产品领导和增长专家,从他们在打造和增长当今最成功公司过程中积累的宝贵经验中学习。今天的嘉宾是 Camille Ricketts。Camille 是 Notion 的第一位营销员工,也是 Notion 长期的营销负责人。在此之前,她是 First Round Capital 的内容和营销负责人,在那里她做了很多事情,其中包括创办了 First Round Review,这在我心中有着非常特殊的地位,因为一篇发表于 First Round Review 的客座文章在本质上帮助我开启了后来 Newsletter 和现在播客的事业。Camille 还在 Kiva 做过内容营销,也在早期特斯拉做过传播和公关,她曾坐在埃隆·马斯克旁边大约一年时间,她分享了一些关于那段经历的非常有趣的故事。
在本期节目中,我们聚焦于 Camille 非常早期就涉足、并拥有深刻洞察的两个领域。其一是社区驱动增长(community-led growth)——它到底是什么,什么时候值得投入,以及如何做好,全都基于她打造 Notion 早期社区的经验,而那个社区是 Notion 早期成功的重要部分。我们还会聊到内容营销——什么时候值得投入,如何做好,以及打造一台内容营销机器的各种技巧。和 Camille 聊天非常愉快,我真的非常期待你从她那里有所收获。那么,接下来我为你请出 Camille Ricketts。
Camille 的职业经历
Lenny: Camille,欢迎来到播客。
Camille Ricketts: 你好,非常感谢你的邀请。
Lenny: 绝对是我的荣幸。你的背景非常引人入胜,在那么多世界级公司工作过,与那么多有趣的人共事。你能花一分钟谈谈你职业生涯中做过的一些精彩的事情,给大家提供一些背景吗?
Camille Ricketts: 好的。首先谢谢你用”精彩”来形容它们。
Lenny: 这是事实。
Camille Ricketts: 我觉得这是一条相当迂回的道路,但确实把我带到了一些有趣的地方。我最初在《华尔街日报》做记者,后来进入了特斯拉的传播和营销领域,在那里我的职责之一就是坐在埃隆的右手边,确保他在与媒体交谈时所有需要的数据都唾手可得,这算是公关学习上的一步登天。之后,我去了 First Round Capital,有幸参与了 First Round Review 的起步阶段,如果正在看这个的人熟悉那些文章的话。我在那里待了大约五年,很喜欢那个团队,都是非常出色的人。然后他们很早就投资了 Notion,所以我因此认识了 Ivan Zhao,以及他和 Simon,他们给了我作为 Notion 第一位营销员工加入的机会。这就是我直到最近一直在做的事情。
与埃隆·马斯克共事的经历
Lenny: 我很喜欢关于埃隆的那个细节。我喜欢你坐在他右边这个说法——他的右膀右臂。那是什么体验?在埃隆身边工作、坐在他旁边,有没有什么关于运营或工作方式的心得,是你带到后来的工作经历中的?
Camille Ricketts: 那是很久以前的事了,所以我先说明一下,那甚至是在 Model S 上市之前。所以我的很多工作是——这是一个非常好的机会——开着 Roadster 到处跑,和记者交谈,让记者坐进车里体验,这非常有说服力,也许从公关角度来看还有一点点不太公平。但就我学到的东西而言,那是我的第一份需要我对所有信息都高度敏锐的工作。要确保我了解对话中可能出现的所有话题,对当下的议题非常熟悉,这让我受益匪浅。我必须非常、非常、非常迅速且保持高度专注。另外,我觉得埃隆非常擅长的一点——至少在当时给我留下了深刻印象——就是他能够描绘出一幅他所追求愿景的情感画面,并且能够将那种使命的情感特质传达给他交谈的人。当时主要是关于电动车革命以及太空旅行,他就是知道如何让人们产生共鸣,从而赢得了大量的支持和认同,这一点我确实带到了后来的工作中。
Lenny: 你会觉得那是你工作过压力最大的地方吗?还是在埃隆之后经历过更大的压力?
Camille Ricketts: 我觉得那个地方是你必须时刻保持最佳状态的地方。每天都得绷紧神经。这是一项非常好的技能。而在我职业生涯的其他阶段,我觉得赌注可能更大一些。当然,在 Notion 的每一天都感觉我们在共同打造这个东西,我们正处于一个非常特殊的时刻。所以,我觉得是一种混合的体验。
Lenny: 说到 Notion,我觉得你提到过——如果没有的话——你是 Notion 的第一位营销 hire。对吗?
Camille Ricketts: 是的。
Lenny: 你是第几号员工?
Camille Ricketts: 第11号。
Lenny: 哇。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。当时真的就是一小群人。
Lenny: 他们现在大概多大规模了?
Camille Ricketts: 我最后听到的好像是400人左右。也许略超400。
Lenny: 太厉害了。而且我觉得他们的估值……我不太确定。最近一次估值大概在100亿美元。所以这一路走来真是了不起。在 Notion 的这段时间一定是一段很棒的冒险。你早期在 Notion 工作时最具体的记忆是什么?早期 Notion 是什么样的?
Camille Ricketts: 我常常想起那个环境的氛围。那是我工作过的第一家非常小的创业公司。离开 First Round 时,我就非常渴望这种体验。我工作的第一个办公室真的就像一个家。那个 loft 空间上面就有一间公寓,感觉就像我们白天一起住在那里一样,但有一种很朴实的、非常温暖的质感。我们进门都脱鞋,里面有漂亮的家具和地毯,我们就围坐在沙发上,喝茶,一起工作。所以真的有那种家的感觉。还有一些有趣的小插曲。我常和当时在的同事一起回忆,我们的暖通系统不太好。所以夏天特别热,冬天又特别冷,我们就用那种大工业风扇,当时我们觉得:“这也太奇怪了。“但现在这成了我们最喜欢聊的回忆之一。还有一段时间我们没有顶灯,我和那些加班到很晚的同事,天就越来越暗、越来越暗。我最喜欢的一位同事 actually 有一盏头灯,到了晚上某个时间点她就会打开。这些就是真正浮现在我脑海中的画面。我们都在非常努力地工作,一起投入这件事,但那种像家人一样的团队氛围是我最突出的感受。
Lenny: 我很喜欢这些早期时刻——那种”我们到底在干什么”的感觉。还得戴头灯?还特别热?身处其中的时候,你会想,创业公司不应该是这样的吧。感觉又痛苦又艰难。但回头看,那些艰苦的时刻总是最好的回忆。
Camille Ricketts: 确实如此。还有那些我们深夜留在那里、为了第二天大发布拼命赶工的时刻,我觉得那才是我们内心真正归属的地方。当时在那里的那群人。
Notion 最紧张的时刻
Lenny: 说到这个,你之前谈到和埃隆工作时的压力,你也提到 Notion 有一种不同的压力。你在 Notion 工作时最紧张的记忆是什么?能分享多少就分享多少。
Camille Ricketts: 这个问题早就解决了,但我们2021年假期结束回来上班的第一天……大家都刚放完假回来。我们重新集合,大概是2021年1月3日。那天发生了一次大规模宕机,不仅影响了我们,还影响了很多同行公司。所以真的是全员上阵。我们突然看到 Twitter 上、Reddit 上涌出大量的人说:“天哪,我该怎么办?“这真的让我们意识到 Notion 对那么多人来说已经变得多么核心。所以一方面,这是一个令人惊叹的时刻——我们意识到我们正在构建的东西在人们日常中有多么不可或缺,这在当下增加了压力,但同时也增强了整体的动力。
与此同时,我们也在 Twitter 上看到——这也是为什么社区一直是我关注的核心——有人说:“他们正在很努力地恢复服务,给他们一点时间。“或者说:“给 Notion 团队一个拥抱,我们知道你们能搞定。“我们真的非常感激这些,那是一种非常温暖的部分。但那天确实是一场手忙脚乱,我们想尽可能做好沟通。所以我的团队在确保所有人了解发生了什么、我们正在采取什么措施来修复、预计时间线等方面发挥了核心作用。后来他们招到了我认为是业内最好的基础设施人才,重构了数据库和一切。所以现在已经不是问题了,但当时那确实是一个令人紧张的时刻。
Lenny: 回头看那些时刻很有意思。身在其中时你会想:“我们要完了。我们宕机了。用户会不再用 Notion 的。麻烦大了。“但实际上,如果产品足够好,用户总会回来的。我觉得哪怕是 JIRA 或 Confluence 宕机一周,用户也会回来——只要产品足够好。
Camille Ricketts: 我觉得这是一个很好的实操经验,也是一个可以留给可能经历这种时刻的人的启示——系统中内建的韧性其实比你想象的要强得多。
社区驱动增长
Lenny: 说到社区,你谈到它在那段时期有多重要,而且一直以来都非常重要。我为了准备这期播客,对你职业生涯中做过的事情做了些研究,我发现有两个领域你是走在前面的、领先于趋势的,并且在一定程度上帮助推动了创新。一个是社区驱动增长(community-led growth),另一个是大规模内容营销(content marketing)。所以我想把我们的对话重点放在这两个领域上。社区驱动增长,感觉在 Twitter 上是一个很热门的话题。每个人都在谈论增长的未来是社区,你必须建立社区,必须走社区驱动的路线等等。所以我想把这个概念具体化,帮助人们理解是否应该投资社区、社区能如何帮助你、什么时候值得投入、什么时候不值得。也许第一个问题就是——什么是社区驱动增长?这个概念到底意味着什么?
什么是社区驱动增长
Camille Ricketts: 是的,我觉得这个概念现在确实变得很时髦,对很多产品驱动增长的公司来说是一种追求,甚至对那些不完全是产品驱动增长模式的公司也是如此。而且我们看到大量围绕社区展开的创业公司也在不断涌现,致力于放大社区的效果。关于我对社区驱动增长的理解,它是指你的社区帮助你实现了如此广泛的普及度和如此高的品牌认知度,以至于你实际上可以开始向上拓展到企业市场。我知道这个定义可能对企业导向的公司比较特定,但这正是我们在 Notion 的定义方式——因为有那么多人在谈论这个产品、分享他们用它构建的东西,甚至围绕它开始自己的生意,将他们与团队的关系正式化。我认为这使得 Notion 作为一种选择对许多公司来说变得不再有风险,仅仅因为他们通过如此多的渠道听说过它。他们在社交媒体上看到过,在播客里听到过,朋友告诉过他们,还看到了广告牌。所有这些都推动着越来越多的公司和团队购买越来越多的席位。所以我认为这就是社区为我们带来的力量。我也看到这与 Figma 等公司所取得的成就有类似之处。
Lenny: 听起来你描述的很多东西基本上都是知名度。品牌知名度——这是你发现在围绕 Notion 所建立的社区中,可能是最有价值的要素。
Camille Ricketts: 我很喜欢用”发现”(discovery)这个词,因为我觉得它比”知名度”还要更进一步。真正的发现是你已经有了进一步了解的意愿——你已经听说了很多次,或者别人跟你说的某件事让你产生了好奇,以至于你真的会迈出那一步去学习了解它。而这正是我们真正想要发挥作用和重点投入的地方。
Lenny: 明白了。所以听起来你团队的 KPI/OKR 就是让更多人知道 Notion 并产生探索的兴趣。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。也许这是一个有用的实操要点。我觉得当人们思考获客、发现、品牌知名度或者品牌整体的时候,他们会问:到底哪些指标组合能让我们对此有所洞察?而我发现最有指导意义的一个指标是 Notion 网站的净新增访客数。也就是说,逐月来看,有多少以前从未访问过的人被激发起来,真正来到网站了解产品。这确实是品牌团队的责任,也是与社区、内容以及我们推向市场的所有知名度活动相关的同事们的责任——就是让更多新用户产生兴趣。
Lenny: 那这就引出了一个问题:你有没有什么巧妙的方法,能把这些新流量归因到你团队所做的事情上,而不是 SEO 团队或其他团队的工作?
Camille Ricketts: 特别值得一提的是,影响者营销方面的努力主要由一位非常出色的同事 Lexi Barnhorn 负责运营,这部分的工作是非常可衡量的。我们会说,好,我们以这个金额赞助了这些平台上的这些创作者,我们知道用户是从那些内容直接来到 Notion 网站的。所以我们能够建立非常紧密的归因关联。我认为某些类型的内容天然适合这种衡量方式。另外在社区方面,你也可以做一些事情,比如帮助社区成员报告有多少人参加了活动等等,从而给你那种感知。
大使计划与线下活动的影响
Lenny: 所以你可能已经在回答这个问题了,但我还是很好奇:在实现你们这些目标——创造更多知名度、激发更多发现动力等等方面,哪些举措产生了最大的影响?到底什么才是真正有效的?
Camille Ricketts: 我觉得对我们来说非常重要的社区举措,一个是大使计划(ambassadors)。还有就是确保人们在举办线下活动。这在 2019 年真正开始蓬勃起来。显然 2020、2021 年我们暂停了,但最近我和 Notion 的社区负责人 Ben Lang 聊过,他才是这背后真正的策划者和天才,他说他们现在已经恢复到全球每月 30 场线下活动的规模了。所以这在传播普及度的国际化层面确实帮助很大,也促成了我们与巴黎最大的创业园区 Station F 的合作关系。这帮助我们打入了那类网络,然后支持这些人去开创自己的事业,获得他们自己想要的回报。所以我们非常希望将我们的目标与他们的目标对齐。
这些社区成员中,很多人实际上已经建立了有收入的业务,做咨询、做课程、做影响者。有些人只是想建立自己的线上平台。所以我们在那方面所做的所有努力——编写指南、一对一辅导、帮助他们更容易地实现自己的目标——也是这种增长的重要组成部分。然后就像我说的,影响者。这是 Ben 在 2019 年开始探索的方向,我们非常惊喜地发现,与这些影响者合作所带来的流量和效果如此惊人。现在那个项目已经扩展成一个多渠道的庞大体系,对 Notion 来说非常重要。
Lenny: 很棒。影响者这块很说得通。我想多了解一下大使计划是怎么回事、活动又是怎么做的,也许更广泛地说——我想象很多创始人可能正在听,他们会觉得,“这些听起来都很棒,但你如何知道它到底有没有效果?“活动,那当然很好,但值得投入多少?需要多少时间和精力?我们怎么知道这到底是不是 ROI 为正的?你在那方面有没有什么心得?是创始人必须凭信念相信这件事大概会有效才行?还是说你找到了什么方法来说服人们,是的,你可以通过这样的方式知道它在起作用?
Camille Ricketts: 这是一个很好的问题。我觉得我们真的很幸运,Ivan 从一开始就看到了社区的内在价值,并给予了深度支持。实际上,我对任何怀疑社区可能成为重要增长驱动力的公司的第一条建议就是:在最开始不要把指标当作一切的标准。就社区而言,我们直到去年才开始进行非常具体的衡量。主要是因为我们已经看到了如此多的有机增长,而且这些增长在某种程度上与我们的社区努力相关——无论是在地理扩张方面,还是人们在我们的调查中报告他们是如何发现我们的等等。我认为,对于任何正在看到这种有机热情的公司来说,你能做的最糟糕的事情之一就是:如果它没有产生 ROI,就把它扼杀掉。
Lenny: 我想内部应该是觉得——这明显是好事。我们可能没法衡量它,但感觉这对 Notion 非常有帮助。感觉尤其是对 Notion 这种专业消费者(prosumer)产品来说,这非常合理,因为它是由用户推动的,然后他们把它带入公司,就像你说的那样。也许对于纯企业级产品来说,ROI 就没那么高了。你对这方面有什么看法?这种策略是不是更适合专业消费者企业产品,而不是更偏企业级的产品?
Camille Ricketts: 我确实认为,如果你的产品销售周期很长,或者客单价很高,需要非常非常多的触点才能让一个人决定购买,那我不确定社区应该成为你最优先投资的方向。当然,对于免费增值(freemium)产品来说,我觉得其中很大一部分——尤其是当它们拥有我所说的”可分享的原子单元”(atomic unit of sharing)时——社区投资几乎是理所当然的选择。我先定义一下这个概念。我认为,如果你的产品能创造出人们想要分享的东西,而这种分享又能体现某种关于他们自身的东西,社区就特别适用。在 Notion 的案例中,这就是模板,甚至包括人们创建自己的工作区后兴奋地向他人展示。Notion 确实受益于它是一个创造性产品,但 Figma、Canva 等也是一样的情况——向别人展示你的作品是一种令人向往的行为。因为你在展示自己精通这个产品的使用方法,极其有条理,也在以某种方式自我表达。所以如果你的产品具备这种元素,我认为社区是一项非常好的投资。
Lenny: 你提到了这一点,我觉得很多人并没有意识到——在 Notion 上创建模板其实可以赚很多钱,对吧?这已经形成了一整个生态。你能聊聊这个吗?因为我觉得很多人并不了解这一点。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。这也是为什么我会建议任何觉得自己属于这类产品的公司尽早开始。因为你需要培育社区中人们可以走的各种不同路径。可以肯定的是,早期我们最初招募进大使计划(ambassadors)的人,大概没有预料到自己日后会围绕帮助其他团队成功使用产品或销售模板,做到接近百万美元的生意。我记得很早的时候,大概是 2021 年中期,我们听说有一位创作者仅靠销售一个模板就在四个月内赚了 35,000 美元,而从那以后这样的故事变得非常普遍。帮助他们做到这一点——实际上为他们创建指导材料、搭建网络,以及连接那些经营类似业务、可以互相帮助的人——这些都变得非常关键。回到你说的,这到底和 Notion 的企业端销售有没有关系?现在很多不同规模的公司都在依赖那些最初通过我们社区成长起来的顾问,其中一些顾问现在已经雇佣了几十个人。
Lenny: 太不可思议了。要激励一个人去传播 Notion,没有什么比让他的收入依赖于 Notion 更有效的了。
Camille Ricketts: 坦率地说,这对我们来说也很受鼓舞。有很多人一开始粉丝很少,现在已经成为这个生态系统中的名人了。
大使计划与 Champions 项目
Lenny: 那我们回到大使计划(ambassadors)的话题,它和销售 Notion 模板的生态系统是分开的。大使计划到底是什么?
Camille Ricketts: 实际上它们相当融合,因为对 Notion 充满热情的人,表达方式很多样。有时候他们想举办活动,有时候他们想构建模板。所以我们在大使计划的 Slack 实例中专门设立了不同关注领域的频道,基于人们真正热爱或想做的事情,他们彼此之间形成了一种乘数效应的飞轮。因为很多人会先进入大使计划——然后我也很乐意聊聊 Champions,那个有点不一样——之后发现构建模板对自己意味着什么,并因此获得了动力。说到 Champions 这边,也许这也更多地涉及到企业端——我们想知道,在大使计划中消费者群体所展现的那种基因,是否同样适用于我们客户公司内部的人。所以我们启动了另一个社区,另一个 Slack 实例,面向的是客户公司内部对 Notion 最有热情、最活跃的用户。这已经成为客户成功团队与这些公司更好沟通的绝佳渠道,确保产品在使用中真正落地,或者帮助排除障碍。这是经过非常有针对性的设计的,长期来看确实非常有价值。
Lenny: 好,让我试着理解一下。Champions 基本上就是 Notion 最活跃的用户,你们把他们放进一个 Slack 群里,帮助他们变得更加兴奋,确保他们满意。Ambassador——我还是不太明白,ambassador 到底是什么?是你们付费请来帮忙推广 Notion 的人吗?成为 ambassador 到底意味着什么?
Camille Ricketts: 他们就是真正热爱这个产品的人。所以这不是一种交易关系。他们是喜欢用 Notion 构建东西的人,喜欢分享自己的作品来帮助他人。他们真的希望 Notion 成为他们生活中更大的一部分。我认为关于社区的一个要点是,它不仅仅是与我们之间的一对一对话。最大的吸引力随着时间在演变——也许最初人们加入是因为可以获得功能的早期访问权限,我们会收集他们的反馈,这对我们的产品团队变得非常重要;或者是因为我们会安排与内部团队的 AMA 活动。但久而久之,真正吸引他们的是彼此之间建立的纽带和相互学到的东西。大多数时候,有人进来说”我在这个功能上遇到了困难”或”我不太清楚怎么用这个”,往往是社区的另一位成员更快地帮助了他们。所以它确实让人们形成了紧密的友谊网络,我觉得这已经成为人们生活中积极的一部分。
Lenny: 我从中部分体会到的是:你们识别出一群对 Notion 感兴趣、感到兴奋的人,然后全力支持他们。有购买 Notion 的高级用户,就帮助他们成为更好的高级用户;有对 Notion 感兴趣的影响者,就付费让他们推广 Notion;有纯粹热爱 Notion 的 ambassadors,就帮助他们更加热爱;还有做模板的人,就帮助他们取得成功。大致是这样理解的吗?就是识别有效的东西,然后让它更有效?
Camille Ricketts: 如果这听起来不过于简化的话,是的。我还想说的一点是,Ben 最擅长的事情之一就是不会用一刀切的体验来对待这一切。我觉得有些社区的搭建方式是,人们说”好,我们有这个社区,它要做这个、这个和这个,或者我们提供这些类型的项目,或者这些类型的互动”。而与之相反的是,我认为更多地去倾听那些真正参与其中的人的声音。很早的时候,Ben 做了一件我觉得非常了不起的事——他会花大量时间在 Zoom 上进行对话,一对一的对话,小规模的群组对话,就是问:“你为什么在这里?你为什么喜欢参与?什么能让它变得更好?“然后真正帮助我们的整个团队以他们的需求为导向。我强烈建议,不要带着对社区应该长什么样的先入之见来做这件事。
创始人是否可以被说服
Lenny: 你刚才提到,如果创始人相信社区的力量,事情会变得容易得多。但很多创始人的态度是,“算了吧,那是浪费时间。“你觉得创始人是否可以被说服,让他们相信搭建社区、投资社区是值得的?你有没有见过这样的例子——一个创始人一开始觉得”不值得花时间”,后来被说服了?还是说基本上就是”算了,别费那个劲”?
Camille Ricketts: 我跟很多带着不同看法来聊这件事的人都交流过,每个人对自己的公司都比我知道得多。但我确实认为,如果你的公司在未来需要的是无处不在的普及度,或者纯粹依靠口碑传播的引擎,那我真心建议你坐下来认真想一想:什么才更有利于我们的长期成功?是那种普及度,还是眼前的收入?如果你去看很多从一开始就取得巨大成功的公司,你会发现他们往往是那些选择暂缓对每一个小功能都进行变现的人,因为过度变现会打击人们分享自己作品的热情和势头。因为我觉得,一旦你拥有了那股浪潮——一大群不仅充满热情、而且每天在为你所做的事情背书的人——机会总是后来才有的。这股力量可以被调动到很多不同方向,你届时会拥有多得多的选择。
社区驱动增长最适合什么样的产品
Lenny: Notion 有趣的地方在于,当你向大公司销售时,客户生命周期价值很高,但最初的用户往往只是普通个人用户。所以我觉得 Notion 处于一个独特的位置——你有资金去投入,让它变得无处不在,通过各种社区努力传播口碑,因为这最终会有回报。而很多公司可能没有这个优势。那么,说社区驱动增长对产品驱动型、增长型、免费增值(freemium)产品最有效,这个判断是否准确?这样理解对吗?
Camille Ricketts: 是的。或者我觉得,如果你认为有机增长对你非常有益,或者有机增长恰好是你必须攻克的难题——因为你从资源或团队的角度并不总是具备做付费增长所需的一切——那么真正搞清楚如何让那个有机飞轮转起来,会对你很有帮助。它会成为你未来任何付费增长探索的支撑。
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其他优秀的社区案例
Lenny: 当你想到那些有效实施了社区驱动增长、把社区做得很好、并且在很大程度上因为社区而成长起来的公司时,还有哪些公司会浮现在你脑海中?
Camille Ricketts: 我已经提过几次 Figma 了,所以不想过多重复,但他们确实是我整个 Notion 经历中一直敬佩的团队。在某种程度上我们就像是兄弟公司。非常钦佩那边的 Claire Butler,她主导了所有这些工作,我们会互相交流很多经验和心得,能有这样的关系真的很好。但他们做得非常出色,跟 Notion 的思路类似——好,人们对创建这些东西然后发布到互联网上感到非常兴奋,那我们怎么去推动这个势头呢?
另一个例子稍微有些不同,是 Stripe。当 Stripe 推出 Stripe Atlas 时,它并不一定是 Stripe 核心产品线的一部分,也不属于他们赖以成名的基础业务,但它让他们能够在当时最核心的用户群体——即在各个阶段成长到中型市场的创始人和创业公司——之中建立起社区。他们围绕提供建议和资源,帮助这些人真正起步、完成从零到一的旅程,从而培养了一个庞大的创始人受众群。所以虽然它可能与公司核心使命有所偏离,但它让他们在客户群体中真正创建了一个社区,因为他们觉得,“我们拥有专业知识,我们可以与你分享那些对你的旅程至关重要的东西。“所以我会鼓励任何以这种方式思考社区的人去想:“也许社区不一定非得围绕我们的产品本身。我们还能为那些我们希望使用我们产品的人提供什么其他知识或资源,这些东西对他们来说非常关键?我们能否围绕这个理念把他们聚集起来?”
Lenny: 我注意到一个很强的相关性——那些传奇级别的、跨世代的公司,Figma、Stripe、Notion,都在社区建设和运营方面投入了大量精力。这很有意思。
Camille Ricketts: 是的,我是社区理念的坚定支持者。但与此同时,我也不认为社区适合每一家公司。我认为确实需要对此进行分析。但希望这能帮助那些能识别出自己具备这些特征的人。
什么时候不适合投入社区
Lenny: 顺着这个话题,在什么情况下可能不太值得花大力气围绕产品搭建社区?我们之前聊过一些高端企业级产品的情况。还有没有其他情况让你觉得,确实不太值得投入?
Camille Ricketts: 就像我说的,如果你的文化更偏销售驱动型的,那么情况就不太一样——那些价格更高或需要更长合同周期的产品确实如此,这一点需要理解。但我确实认为社区可以呈现不同的形式。当你听到”社区”这个词时,你可能会想到某种大型论坛,不管是 Slack 群组还是别的什么,人们整天在里面聊天。但我觉得社区不一定是那样的,那不是它唯一的表现形式。所以如果你思考在某个特定阶段什么对你最合适的话,我其实做了一个二乘二的矩阵,也许这次聊完之后我可以分享给你。坐标轴上分别是你是否已经达到产品市场契合(product-market fit),还是你仍在探索产品市场契合;以及你是偏企业端还是偏消费端。根据你在这个二乘二矩阵中所处的位置,会对应一种适合你的社区形式或与社区相关的举措。
社区形式的多维矩阵
Camille Ricketts: 举个例子,也许是一种与 Notion 截然不同的形式——假设你还在通往产品市场契合的路上,而且你的产品是强企业端导向的。我认为你有机会做客户顾问委员会(customer advisory boards),其实就是召集更小圈子的理想匹配用户,确保他们之间以及与你之间都建立连接,然后激励他们为你提供反馈。让他们理解自己是真正站在这个旅程的起点,并且能够影响你未来的每一步行动。这些人最终可能成长为你的最大布道者,我见过这种情况发生过很多次,而我仍然认为这就是社区,尽管人们脑海中出现社区这个词时,可能不会想到这种形式。
Lenny: 我想这应该会成为你最终构建的社区的种子。我们一定要在节目笔记中附上这个链接。你能再举几个这个矩阵的例子吗?刚才说的是产品市场契合之前的,另一个维度是什么?
Camille Ricketts: 强企业端。
Lenny: 企业端,好的。这个矩阵里还有其他几个象限能讲讲吗?
Camille Ricketts: 如果你偏强企业端,而且已经达到产品市场契合,那就像 Notion 真正从中受益的方式那样——重点发力 Champions 和顾问社区。就像我之前说的,那些可能身处你的客户公司内部、真正理解产品、真正认同产品价值、热心帮你实现客户内部拓展(land and expand)的人。要确保他们有一个聚集的地方,让他们觉得自己比普通人更贴近你的团队,让他们感到自己是特别的、拥有特殊渠道的。然后在顾问这边,就像我说的,尽量降低门槛、减少摩擦,帮助推广那些愿意走到台前、帮助你在更多客户那里取得成功的人。比如 Salesforce。我知道这是一个老生常谈的例子了,但如果你跟 Salesforce 最早期的员工聊,他们当时确实看到了一批人冒出来,想帮助其他公司。这批人不为 Salesforce 工作,但看到了帮助其他公司真正用好 Salesforce、实施部署、与 Salesforce 一起成长的机会,而这已经成为 Salesforce 商业模式中极为庞大的一部分。所以如果你处于那个象限,就要想办法把你客户群体中的人逐步引导到这些角色中去。
Lenny: 太棒了。我们再讲一个象限,然后留一个让大家自己点进去看。
Notion 所在的象限
Camille Ricketts: 我来讲讲 Notion 所在的象限,我会把它放在右上角——你已经有产品市场契合了,而且在消费端那一侧更近一些。当然 Notion 的覆盖面很广,但我认为尤其在早期,我们看到的正是这个象限的生根发芽,也是大使计划(ambassadors)和影响者真正起飞的地方。那些极度活跃、极度热情的个人用户,你会看到更多这种野火般蔓延的势头——至少是在尝试产品、使用产品、理解产品的层面。所以如果你处于这个象限,能想办法助推这类增长动势,那是很有帮助的。
如何设计大使计划
Lenny: 我想快速回到大使计划这个话题,因为感觉很多人都在讨论、都想做,尤其是在产品市场契合加消费端这个象限里。具体怎么运作?是你选定一百位大使,因为他们很棒、是使用 Notion 的优秀代表,然后为他们提供所需的一切支持让他们成功?你是怎么思考创建一个大使计划的?
Camille Ricketts: 我其实觉得这跟思考公司定位非常相似,因为我认为任何定位练习最好的第一步就是思考:谁是我们的最佳匹配客户?不是我们希望谁是,而是冰冷的现实中他们到底是谁。就是那些看起来真正理解产品的人——他们付的钱更多,会自然而然地谈论你。所以要真正搞清楚这些人是谁、了解他们的一切,确保你早期邀请进来的正是这些人。大使计划最初的成员基础始于 2019 年,当时只有 20 个人,而他们恰好是我们在 Twitter 和其他几个社交平台上看到的最活跃的那些人,因为他们有一个共同特质——愿意非常积极地、富有表现力地分享自己的产品使用体验。所以如果让我建议如何启动这样一个计划,这就是我的建议。
Lenny: 然后你为他们做了什么?
Camille Ricketts: 当然要确保有足够的激励,对吧?因为就像我们说的,这不是一种交易关系,但我们希望他们感到自己正在拥有一段特别的体验,感到自己以一种独特的方式与公司连接在一起。让我们非常惊讶的是,给他们提供功能的预览竟然如此有激励效果——能够试用这些功能,然后给我们反馈,并且真正感受到产品团队在倾听。这是当时一个很大的重点,我知道现在仍然是,而且社区与 Notion 团队之间的对话已经变得更加深入和成熟了。
另外,我们还会安排一些非常特别的体验,比如 Ivan 或 Akshay 或 Simon 或 MLM(工程负责人)会参与这些对话,回答问题,让大家感觉这是一个非常私密专属的空间。我觉得这对人们来说非常有吸引力。当然还有你能想到的那些——补贴活动,让大家觉得他们办活动是真的有我们支持的。还有就是推广他们的作品。如果你回顾一下社交媒体渠道,很大篇幅都是在把与我们合作的人的创作推到最前面、最中心的位置,而不是仅仅谈论公司自己在做什么。
Lenny: 你有没有专门写过如何设计一个大使计划,或者有没有人写过 Notion 是怎么做的?因为这个真的很有意思。
Camille Ricketts: 我不知道有没有文章涵盖过所有这些细节,但这确实是整个事业中更有魔力的部分之一,我认为现在仍然如此。现在那个团队有三个人了。Ben 还在那里做着出色的工作,Francisco 在 2021 年——抱歉,2020 年底加入了我们。还有 Emma。他们每天的工作就是全天候地与全世界各地的人交流。其中国际化的部分也完全超出想象。
Lenny: 这可以成为未来一篇 First Round Review 的文章,我们待会儿再聊这个。
Camille Ricketts: 是的,也许吧。
社区建设者的诫命
Lenny: 关于这个话题的最后一个问题。假设有人已经被说服了,想要开始投资社区,我们聊了这个二乘二矩阵,但也许更笼统地说——如果要浓缩成两三条给创始人和团队的建议,针对那些正在考虑投资社区驱动增长和社区建设的人,你会说什么?
Camille Ricketts: 我不知道你是否也想在节目笔记中附上这个,但我其实整理了一些社区建设者的诫命(commandments)。
Lenny: 哦,当然要。
社区建设的诫命
Camille Ricketts: 有点押头韵的意思。所以我认为对我们早期来说非常关键的几点,其中之一我前面已经提到过,就是早期不要追求达到某个数字。不要为了展示增长而稀释你真正想做的事情的影响力。我认为在早期保护自己这一点非常重要。确保你在了解个体真正想从社区中获得什么,让他们觉得自己被看见、被倾听。这是我们重点关注的方向,我认为正是这一点让人们保持高度参与、持续回来,并觉得这里是他们的第二个家。还有一个对我们来说非常有趣的点——当我们开始把社区里发生的事情分享给 Notion 内部的同事时。我们会在全员会议上做这件事,或者在 Slack 上,Ben 每个月都会发布这些非常精彩的更新,汇总社区里人们的各种活动和他们正在做的事情。这对公司里的每个人来说都非常有感召力,我想正是这种力量让我们更加团结,在日常工作中做得更多,也真正理解我们是在为谁构建产品。
Lenny: 你还有什么其他诫命要补充吗?如果已经有一个社区在运行了,要让社区保持健康、持续优秀并不断增长,你有什么建议?
Camille Ricketts: 有的。我想这个观点可能有点反直觉,当然这只是我个人的一个数据点——不要增长得太大太快。我们实际上非常认真地思考过什么是健康的增长率。加入 ambassadors 其实有一个申请流程。这是一个非常轻量的申请流程,主要目的是让我们了解有多少人对此感兴趣。然后他们会分批加入——当时大概是每个月 20 人一批。这样社区不会让人突然感觉互动方式发生了变化,而是给每个人时间去欢迎新人、了解新人。我和 Ben 在 Notion 工作期间最喜欢的事情之一,就是当新成员加入 ambassadors 时,他们会自我介绍说:“大家好,我来自委内瑞拉,Notion 改变了我的生活,具体是这样的。”
Lenny: 太棒了。
Camille Ricketts: “我来自香港,Notion 改变了我的生活,是这样的方式。“这一切都让人非常满足。我想说的第一点就是,给你的社区时间去以一种感觉有机的方式真正成长。因为我认为讽刺的是——关于这点我就不再啰嗦了——如果你增长到比如”我们有 5000 名 ambassadors”,放在网站上听起来确实很好,但实际上对话会变得非常沉寂。我觉得是因为人们每次发言时都感觉自己像在一个礼堂里讲话。因为你并不真正清楚还有谁和你在一起。所以帮助消除这些顾虑,我认为是一个好的做法。
Lenny: 我在我的付费通讯 Slack 社区中也看到了同样的规律——增长率确实非常重要。可能大多数听众都知道这一点,但如果你是付费通讯订阅者,就可以加入 Slack 社区。里面大约有 10000 人。我发现愿意为通讯等内容付费的人群筛选机制是一个非常棒的高质量人群过滤器。它以一种非常健康的方式放缓了增长速度,筛选出那些真正想要自我提升、重视这类内容的人加入,最终形成了一个非常出色的群体。
Camille Ricketts: 对。我觉得有一种情感上的质感在其中。而且这些人都变得极具影响力。关于 Notion 社区我想说的最后一点是,那些人中的很多——我们后来实际上专门为此开设了一个频道——他们在 Notion 自己的官方社区之外运营着独立的社区。比如你会看到一些 Facebook 群组——Notion 越南社区好像有 25 万成员。还有 subreddit,我现在知道 Notion 的 subreddit 有 21 万人。这些都是由社区成员自发运营和管理的,他们就是热爱运营自己的社区。
Lenny: 我感觉你已经实现了 Notion 普及度的 OKR 了。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。Notion 一直以来的一个价值观就是确保我们能触达尽可能多的人。
社区的平台选择
Lenny: 确实奏效了。一个实操性的问题:Notion 自己的社区在哪个平台上?是 Slack 吗?还是你们自己搭建的线上平台?
Camille Ricketts: 是 Slack。当时的想法——现在依然是——我们真的希望融入人们的日常生活,而不是成为一个你需要特意去访问的目的地。
Lenny: 这正是我对自己的付费通讯 Slack 社区的想法。产品经理和创始人们整天都在 Slack 里。光是 app 上那个角标,告诉他们有新消息要查看,就是一个非常强大的功能——相比之下,下载一个全新的 app 或者去一个全新的网站,你是不会去的。一个新站点要让你改变习惯,它得好上十倍才会吸引你过去。
Camille Ricketts: 我完全同意。
Lenny: 很高兴我们都选择了 Slack。Slack 真的被严重低估了。我觉得人们总是吐槽 Slack,但它真是一款出色的产品。
Camille Ricketts: 我们都爱它。它就是变成了一个我们习以为常的、存在感很低的背景工具。
Lenny: 对,没错。好,这是一个好时机来转向我们的第二个话题——内容和内容营销。你在 First Round Capital 创办了 First Round Review?
Camille Ricketts: 是的。
Lenny: 你可能不知道,First Round Review 对我早期进入通讯写作这条路有非常大的影响。我在 First Round Review 上发了一篇客座文章——
Camille Ricketts: 我记得那篇文章。
Lenny: 那对我来说是一件大事。那为我带来了通讯的前 500 个订阅者。
Camille Ricketts: 哇。
Lenny: 后来我又发了一篇客座文章,不过那次没那么重要。这是我早期这条路上很重要的一部分。所以感谢你创建了这个平台,我非常荣幸能参与其中。
Camille Ricketts: 听到这些太好了,这正是我们希望看到的。就是让卓越的运营者获得一个平台,然后用它去做他们想做的任何事情。这始终是我们梦想的一部分。
Lenny: 确实奏效了。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。我很高兴,因为现在有这么多人从你那里学到了很多东西。
Lenny: 对。First Round Review 也是我起步时的灵感来源,我就希望自己能做到 First Round Review 那样的水平,而且好内容源源不断,太厉害了。我知道现在有其他人在运营了,我不知道他们是否愿意被提到名字,他们喜欢在幕后工作。
Camille Ricketts: 他们确实喜欢低调,但我还是要为他们发声,因为他们做得太出色了。Jessi Craige Shikman 在那边做这件事的时间已经比我当年做的还长了,她非常厉害,她的团队也非常出色,每一期出来我都不会错过。
Lenny: 对。我在文章里试图感谢她,她说,“别提我,我在幕后就好。”
Camille Ricketts: 也许我会问问她的意见。
Lenny: 我们总得给她一些认可吧。
内容营销的标杆案例
Camille Ricketts: 当然,她当之无愧。
Lenny: 把视角拉远一点聊聊内容营销。也许可以举些例子,你参与过的最有影响力的内容创作有哪些?无论是在 Notion、First Round 还是其他地方,有什么例子?
Camille Ricketts: 好,我举几个例子。First Round 当然是一个很大的例子,我有必要详细讲讲。那确实从一开始就是团队共同努力的结果。我 2013 年加入,同样地,我非常幸运能遇到一位从一开始就坚信这件事的领导。Josh Kopelman,那里的合伙人,是我最大的支持者。还有合伙人团队的 Phin Barnes。尤其值得一提的是 Brett Burson,他当时负责平台团队,所有这些增值服务都在这个团队下面。
所以团队里有我、一个负责活动的人、一个负责人才的人,Brett 给了我们所有需要的空间、信任和支持。他非常看好内容,从最开始就帮助我对接出色的采访对象。整个这件事之所以能存活下来并且做得这么好,我觉得唯一的原因就是我们在一开始就争取到了几位非常有名的人。当然这对后来也有帮助——每当你试图说服其他人参与时,你可以说某某和某某都已经接受过专访了。所以这我认为既是信心的来源,也是一个策略上的要点,对于正在考虑做这件事的人来说,如果他们能利用自己在这方面的任何关系,都应该去做。
Lenny: 我昨天还和Brett一起吃晚饭来着。
Camille Ricketts: 天哪,那个人太棒了对吧?
Lenny: First Round 的活动。那个人太棒了。我非常欣赏他。他在 First Round 搭建了一个不可思议的平台和项目。
Camille Ricketts: 他当然也是我学到最多的人之一。不过回到你关于内容项目在那里取得了什么效果的问题,首先是 First Round 的发现(discovery)。在此之前它已经是一家非常成功的风投基金,但我觉得我们让它出现在了各种各样的人面前,尤其是一些非传统地理区域、非传统创始人类型的人群。那些在 Google、Apple、Amazon 等大公司内部工作的人,每当我们查看订阅者列表时,这些公司的邮箱地址占比异常高,他们显然对创业经历很好奇。我觉得 First Round Review 帮助他们朝着那个方向转变了心态,然后他们自然也就理解了 First Round 会是他们很好的第一站。
内容为什么有效
Lenny: 你觉得内容之所以有价值,关键是什么?你说 First Round Review 在让人们了解 First Round、与 First Round 合作、发现(discovery)First Round 方面非常有效,但并不是随便写点东西就行的,不是这样的。这些年来你学到了什么?什么是必须做对的?你提到了要有大家认识的名字。还有别的吗?如果你想用内容来创造发现(discovery)和认知度,必须把握住什么?
Camille Ricketts: 有一点我觉得我们之前简单聊过,就是你思考产品市场契合(product-market fit)的方式,同样要用来思考内容市场契合。所以即使内容看起来和你推出的实际产品是并行的,你仍然要思考:我的受众是谁?我真正想要的受众是谁?最容易被吸引过来的受众是谁?他们是谁?他们的生活真正需要什么?甚至先把内容本身放一边,他们需要什么才能获得晋升?他们需要什么才能避免失败?什么在他们的日常生活或工作中造成巨大的焦虑?你能否创造出某种内容产品来回应这些需求,真正带来价值?
所以我认为像做产品一样去做内容,在很多方面是非常有指导意义的制定策略的起点。从你的受众出发,理解他们的核心需求。你肯定听过这个,你大部分听众也听过,就是维生素与止痛片的二分法。止痛片永远赢。那么你的内容能不能成为止痛片?它能不能帮人们走出让他们痛苦万分的处境?能不能帮人们不再那么困惑?或者让他们觉得自己的经历不再那么孤独?这对 First Round Review 来说很重要的一点就是帮助从业者分享失败经历或不理想的状况,以此来帮助更多的人觉得这是正常的,他们所经历的事情并没有他们想象的那么严重。
Lenny: 我很喜欢这个说法。这和我对写作的思考方式紧密相连。我在这里会用到”待办任务”(jobs to be done)框架,我就是想,我在写一篇文章时完成的是什么任务?你告诉我这是否合理,但我觉得一封newsletter有待办任务有四种:要么教人如何赚钱——有些newsletter就是这样,教你如何投资、如何买比特币赚钱,这是帮人赚钱。要么是娱乐——很多有趣的东西、表情包、漫画之类的。要么是帮人在工作或生活中变得更好,我们就属于这一类。要么是提供资讯,比如新闻。
Camille Ricketts: 对,就是告诉人们他们以前不知道的东西。
Lenny: 感觉你必须选好自己属于哪个类别,而且要选得很准。你看看有没有其他类别我能补充的,因为我一直就回到这四个。然后选定你的类别,再做到那个类别里最好的。我是这么想的。
Camille Ricketts: 我很喜欢你列出的这些,也认同你提到存在情感上的待办任务,而不仅仅是功利性的待办任务。不只是”你以前不知道这个,现在知道了”,而是”你以前有这种感受,现在没有了”,或者”现在有了”。我觉得这一点被低估了。所以我很欣赏你提到了娱乐,因为我们都身处一个行业,能接触到一些闪光点和轻松愉快的东西是很棒的。我喜欢这个思路。
内容的品质与投入
Lenny: 还有一点我觉得在你刚才说的当中没有明说但暗含的就是,要投入时间去把它做到真正高质量。如果你看一篇 First Round 的文章,你觉得一篇典型的 First Round Review 文章大概要花多少时间?
Camille Ricketts: 天哪。这里我要特别感谢我在 First Round 的写作搭档 Sean Young,他在那里和我共事了大部分时间,我们俩总是、总是聊这个。光是写就要八个小时,而那还是在完成了所有准备工作之后——确保你的采访对象有充分的准备和方向感、你们双方都对某个话题充满热情、确保你从对话中挖掘出所有有实操价值的精华。然后你才开始写,那又要八个小时。我不知道你的体验是不是这样,但我们确实如此。
Lenny: 很相似。我不会精确计时,但我觉得我写一篇文章的中位时间大概是十个小时。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。
内容与时间投入
Lenny: 我觉得这是很多人没有意识到的关键。一是他们没有这个时间,二是他们没有意识到应该花这么多的时间,因为互联网上内容的门槛之高众所周知,网上的东西实在太多了。要想从这些喧嚣中脱颖而出,你就必须把它做得非常好,而这恰恰需要时间。而且我发现,我写一篇文章所花的时间和它最终的表现之间存在非常强的相关性,关联度非常高。像 First Round Review 和我这样的优势在于,我专门做这件事,背后还有一支团队。而对那些兼职做内容的人来说就困难得多,因为他们没有那么多时间。
Camille Ricketts: 确实如此。我常常非常敬佩那些人,我会想,你们是怎么做到的?
Lenny: 对,他们一定在某方面做出了牺牲。
Camille Ricketts: 是的。不过说实话,这确实是一种和你非常共通的体验。我觉得其中很大一部分工作是在你所掌握的这些采访信息之间建立联系。不是简单地转述这个人说了什么,而是如何在那些内容之间建立联系、串联要点、提炼出更大的主题。我觉得大量时间都花在了这些事情上。
内容市场契合问卷
Lenny: 你之前提到过你有一套内容市场契合(content market fit)问卷,我们聊过了。你会发我一个链接,我们可以让听众去看看,对吧?
Camille Ricketts: 会的。
Lenny: 太好了。
Camille Ricketts: 当然。这套问卷的核心很大程度上是要去了解你的受众,了解的程度几乎要到事无巨细的地步。
Lenny: 基本上就是你能为他们完成什么任务,就像你之前说的。这就说得通了。
公关与传播的未来
Lenny: 也许再问几个问题。有一点我注意到很多,这跟内容以及公关传播之类的事情有关。我注意到 Twitter 上很多人和创始人都在试图推广这样一个观点:你不需要那么重视传播和公关了,因为现在你可以直接触达受众。你可以办邮件通讯,可以写文章,可以发推文,可以发 LinkedIn。你觉得这是创始人公关传播的未来方向吗?还是你觉得公司内部仍然需要有一个非常强的传播和公关团队?
Camille Ricketts: 这个问题很好,因为我觉得过去五年这个领域确实发生了很多变化,当然整个生态系统中也有各种非常强烈的观点。我非常相信传播的力量。我这么说不仅仅因为我以前做过记者或者做过传播工作。我认为,能够为你或你的公司所做的事情提供如此强大的扩音器的机会非常稀少——你可以在那样一个平台上触达如此广泛的人群,并且带着那种公信力的背书和关注度。你怎么才能让别人说出”嘿,这个东西你真的应该关注一下”?显然我也支持所有行之有效的自有媒体的努力,而且就像我说的,我认为影响者(influencer)在我们发现新事物的方式上将是一个巨大的转变,但与媒体保持良好的关系、坦诚直率、做一个accessible的品牌,我认为这确实会有回报。
举个具体的例子,David Pierce,我认为他是当今科技领域最优秀的记者之一,他现在在 The Verge。在 Notion 早期,他在《华尔街日报》负责个人科技报道,发表了一篇文章,说这是你唯一需要的工作生活效率应用。那就是 Notion 的重大突破。真的,如果你回头看那些数据图表,那篇文章带来了肉眼可见的差异。这样的事情我一次又一次地看到。我在 First Round 的另一项工作是帮助投资组合中的公司搭建自己的传播策略。我反复看到同样的事情:那些成功让媒体讲述自己使命的公司,在发现(discovery)和认知度方面获得了巨大的提升——愿意加入他们成为候选人、投资者、客户的人数都会大幅增加。
公司的重大突破时刻
Lenny: 这给了我一个新文章的灵感——各家公司的重大突破是什么?它们开始起飞的那一刻是什么时候?记下来。
Camille Ricketts: 好主意。Notion 的另一个重大节点是 Product Hunt。我想提一下——
Lenny: 哦,原来如此。所以在 Product Hunt 上发帖对 Notion 来说是件大事。
Camille Ricketts: 确实是。而且现在仍然是。如果你去 Product Hunt 上搜索 Notion,你会看到有大量的模板因为 Product Hunt 而获得了关注。
Lenny: 所以不仅是模板被发布上去,Notion 本身在 Product Hunt 上的发布也很重要?
Camille Ricketts: 是的。Notion 2.0 也是。然后每次我们有重大的产品化发布时也都会上去。
Lenny: 哇,太厉害了。Product Hunt 真是经久不衰啊。
Camille Ricketts: 还有最近 Notion AI 的发布,对他们来说再令人兴奋不过了。
Lenny: 我有内测权限,一直在试用,确实很棒。
创始人与社交媒体
Lenny: 也许沿着这个方向最后一个问题。想想你合作过的创始人,一方面你有 Elon 这样在 Twitter 上直接面向受众的人,而 Ivan 则明显不是这样,更加低调,不太喜欢频繁发推。First Round Review 处在两者之间。对于创始人应该在发推、直接与受众沟通上投入多少,你有什么看法?还是说更多取决于创始人的个性,顺势而为就好?
Camille Ricketts: 我确实认为这关乎个性和真实感。我认为创始人的力量很大程度上来自于投身于他们热爱的工作领域,来自于他们对自身的了解。我觉得在社交媒体上你能犯的最大错误之一就是给自己定一个必须完成的配额,说我每周必须在这些平台上说出多少条精彩的话。我们看到的是,即使是 Notion 的官方账号,当我们稍微克制一些、等到真正有有价值的东西要说的时候再发声,效果反而好得多。
Lenny: 太好了。在我们进入非常令人兴奋的快问快答环节之前,还有什么最后的想法吗?
Camille Ricketts: 最后的想法嘛。没有了,这是一次非常棒的对话。非常感谢你让我来分享。真的,我也想确保我把功劳归于我提到的所有人。这完全是整个团队的努力,我非常幸运能与最优秀的人共事。
Lenny: 太好了。我们会尽量在节目说明里附上你提到的所有人的链接。我们每次都这么做。所以节目说明会很长。我们还没结束,到了我们非常令人兴奋的快问快答环节。我会快速问你六个问题,想到什么说什么,我们会过得很快。可以吗?
Camille Ricketts: 好的,我们看看表现如何。
快问快答
Lenny: 开始吧。别有压力。你有哪两到三本最常推荐给别人的书?
Camille Ricketts: April Dunford 的 Obviously Awesome。如果你想要为公司做定位的话,我不知道你读过没有,它是一本非常实操的指南,大概就一百页。
Lenny: 我读过。她在我邮件通讯上发过客座文章,也上过播客。所以我很熟悉。
Camille Ricketts: 哦,太好了。她非常厉害。是的。天哪,我要想出另外两本有同样大影响的书,有点难了。
Lenny: 就留一本也没关系,都可以。
Camille Ricketts: 就保留一本可以吗?
Lenny: 可以,就一本,一本就够了。除了你现在正在上的这个,你最喜欢听的其他播客是什么?
Camille Ricketts: 我当然喜欢你的播客了。
Lenny: 谢谢。
Camille Ricketts: Harry Stubbings 总是让我惊叹。我们在 Notion 上过几次他的节目,我真的很欣赏他的方式——总能挖掘出大量令人难以置信的信息和意想不到的内容。
Lenny: Harry Stubbings 可以说是这个播客的教父,因为我做过他的播客,结束之后私下里他对我说:“Lenny,你需要做一档播客,你这个笨蛋,为什么还不做播客?” 正是他让我迈过了那道坎,你看我们现在。所以,非常感谢 Harry。
Camille Ricketts: 我太喜欢这些存在于人与人之间的连接了,真是太美妙了。
Lenny: 是的。下一个问题。最近最喜欢的电影或电视剧是什么?
Camille Ricketts: 天哪,最近的。我去看了《Tár》,我知道这部片不是每个人都会喜欢,但看 Kate Blanchett 的表演简直太精彩了。她学了德语,还学会了像模像样地指挥一支大型交响乐团。如果你想看一场酣畅淋漓的表演,就看这部。至于最近在看的电视剧,是《Fleishman Is in Trouble》。我很喜欢原著小说,觉得这部剧的细节和质感都做得非常好。
Lenny: 太棒了。我妻子和我也在看这部剧,确实很好看。上一集稍微没那么精彩,所以我很好奇后面的走向,但还在追。
Camille Ricketts: 同意。不过每次 Claire Danes 出现在屏幕上,我目不转睛。
Lenny: 你最喜欢的面试问题是什么?不管是你在面试别人,还是自己被面试,任何想到的都可以。
Camille Ricketts: 有一个我觉得非常有用的问题。因为我们在 First Round Review 经常会做这样的事情——探索话题,思考怎样才能触及一个独特的、有新知识的话题。这个问题就是:你认为有一件什么事情促成了你的成功,而你同辈中没有人做过的?有什么事是你一时兴起做的,或者你觉得这是一个豪赌,或者觉得大概率行不通,甚至本身是个错误但结果却很好?那一件想法非同寻常、你想分享给大家的事情是什么?
Lenny: 我太喜欢这个问题了。我差点想自己回答一下,不过还是继续吧。除了 Notion 之外,你用过哪五个觉得很不错的 SaaS 产品?另外也排除 Slack,因为大家都会提它。
Camille Ricketts: 我对 Notion 爱得深沉。另一个我目前生活中的挚爱是 Arc,The Browser Company 出的那款浏览器。
Lenny: 天哪,我也爱 Arc。我刚切换过去,非常喜欢。
Camille Ricketts: 对。我试了一下,不到一小时就把它设成了默认浏览器。我就是觉得它很美、很令人愉悦,那种难以言喻的美感,很多优秀产品都有这种特质。
Lenny: 我也一样。好的。哦,还有更多,请继续。
Camille Ricketts: Figma 我之前提过了,我很爱 Figma。实际上我在日常工作中也在用它,它最棒的一点就是不一定非要是设计师或技术很强的人也能从中受益匪浅。Superhuman,没有 Superhuman 我活不下去。每次不得不回到 Gmail 里设置自动回复或者什么的,我就会觉得,啊,我的眼睛。所以真的离不开它。天哪,我在休假期间,实在想不起来日常还在用多少其他 SaaS 产品了,所以我就列三个吧。
Lenny: 好的。休假期间少用点 SaaS 产品,这是个好理念。
Camille Ricketts: 对。我不知道你有没有这种体验,但就是这样。哦,还有一个我要提一下,虽然这有点像是偷偷给 Notion 打广告——Cron。如果有人还没在用 Cron 日历的话,正如有些人可能知道的,它现在已经是 Notion 的一部分了,它确实是市面上最好的日历产品。
推荐与收尾
Lenny: 偷偷打广告。最后一个问题。你有什么推荐阅读的资料、课程或者任何东西,可以帮助大家提升社区建设技能、搭建和运营社区?你会推荐什么?
Camille Ricketts: 我不太清楚有没有什么专门的课程。Ben Lang 做过很多次 AMA 和采访,所以如果你在 Google 上搜索 Ben Lang 加上 community 或 Notion,会找到大量非常有价值的见解。他的经验……在科技行业的社区运营从业者中,Ben 是顶级的,所以去找他分享过的任何内容看看就好。
Lenny: 太好了。我们会找到并附上链接。Camille,我一个小时前才认识你,但感觉好像已经认识你很久了。这次对话太棒了。
Camille Ricketts: 我也是。谢谢你。
Lenny: 非常感谢你抽出时间。最后两个问题。如果大家想联系你、了解更多,在网上哪里可以找到你?你现在在休假,也许可以分享一下你接下来在想什么,或者大家可以怎么帮到你?
Camille Ricketts: 谢谢你问这个。你可以在 Twitter 上找到我,就是 @CamilleRicketts,非常简单。我还在坚持用它。至于我目前的人生阶段,我只是想尽可能多地认识有趣的新朋友、学习新事物。我开始参加 Founders You Should Know 的活动,如果你对 FYSK 感兴趣的话可以了解一下。每次都能遇到很多在做令人难以置信的事情的超酷的人,每次都让我深受启发。我希望我整个生活都是这样的。所以如果你正在创建什么,并且觉得我可能帮得上忙,请联系我。
Lenny: 太棒了。Camille,非常感谢你来参加节目。
Camille Ricketts: 非常感谢。这次对话太愉快了。
Lenny: 非常感谢你的收听。如果你觉得这期节目有价值,可以在 Apple Podcasts、Spotify 或你最喜欢的播客应用上订阅本节目。也请考虑给我们评分或留下评论,这对其他听众发现这个播客非常有帮助。你可以在 lennyspodcast.com 找到往期所有节目或了解更多关于本节目的信息。下期再见。
术语表
| 原文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| Obviously Awesome | Obviously Awesome(书名,保留原文) |
| AMA | AMA(Ask Me Anything,保留原文) |
| ambassadors | 大使计划(ambassadors) |
| April Dunford | April Dunford(人名,保留原文) |
| Arc | Arc(产品名,保留原文) |
| atomic unit of sharing | 可分享的原子单元(atomic unit of sharing) |
| Ben Lang | Ben Lang(人名,保留原文) |
| Brett Burson | Brett Burson(人名,保留原文) |
| Camille Ricketts | Camille Ricketts(人名,保留原文) |
| Champions | Champions(Notion 社区项目名,保留原文) |
| Claire Butler | Claire Butler(人名,保留原文) |
| Claire Danes | Claire Danes(人名,保留原文) |
| commandments | 诫命(commandments) |
| comms | 传播(communications) |
| community-led growth | 社区驱动增长 |
| content market fit | 内容市场契合(content market fit) |
| content marketing | 内容营销 |
| Cron | Cron(产品名,保留原文) |
| customer advisory boards | 客户顾问委员会(customer advisory boards) |
| David Pierce | David Pierce(人名,保留原文) |
| discovery | 发现(discovery) |
| Figma | Figma(公司名,保留原文) |
| First Round Capital | First Round Capital(机构名,保留原文) |
| First Round Review | First Round Review(出版物名,保留原文) |
| flywheel | 飞轮 |
| Founders You Should Know | Founders You Should Know(活动名,保留原文) |
| freemium | 免费增值(freemium) |
| FYSK | FYSK(Founders You Should Know 缩写,保留原文) |
| Harry Stubbings | Harry Stubbings(人名,保留原文) |
| HVAC | 暖通系统 |
| influencer marketing | 影响者营销 |
| Ivan Zhao | Ivan Zhao(人名,Notion 联合创始人,保留原文) |
| Jessi Craige Shikman | Jessi Craige Shikman(人名,保留原文) |
| jobs to be done | 待办任务(jobs to be done) |
| Josh Kopelman | Josh Kopelman(人名,保留原文) |
| Kate Blanchett | Kate Blanchett(人名,保留原文) |
| Kiva | Kiva(机构名,保留原文) |
| land and expand | 客户内部拓展(land and expand) |
| Lexi Barnhorn | Lexi Barnhorn(人名,保留原文) |
| LTV | LTV(客户生命周期价值,保留原文) |
| Model S | Model S(特斯拉车型名,保留原文) |
| Notion | Notion(产品名,保留原文) |
| OKRs | OKRs(目标与关键结果,保留原文) |
| operators | 从业者(operators) |
| organic growth | 有机增长 |
| owned media | 自有媒体(owned media) |
| paid growth | 付费增长 |
| Phin Barnes | Phin Barnes(人名,保留原文) |
| PR | 公关(PR) |
| Product Hunt | Product Hunt(平台名,保留原文) |
| product led | 产品驱动型 |
| product market fit | 产品市场契合(product-market fit) |
| productized launch | 产品化发布(productized launch) |
| Roadster | Roadster(特斯拉车型名,保留原文) |
| ROI | ROI(投资回报率,保留原文) |
| Sean Young | Sean Young(人名,保留原文) |
| Simon | Simon(人名,Notion 联合创始人,保留原文) |
| Station F | Station F(机构名,保留原文) |
| Stripe | Stripe(公司名,保留原文) |
| Stripe Atlas | Stripe Atlas(产品名,保留原文) |
| subreddit | subreddit(Reddit 子版块,保留原文) |
| Superhuman | Superhuman(产品名,保留原文) |
| The Browser Company | The Browser Company(公司名,保留原文) |
| The Verge | The Verge(媒体名,保留原文) |
| ubiquity | 普及度 |
| vitamin versus painkiller | 维生素与止痛片(vitamin versus painkiller) |
| Wall Street Journal | 《华尔街日报》 |
| zero to one | 从零到一 |
此文档由 AI 分片翻译(translate_long_document)