优秀作者尊重读者的时间

Naval Ravikant 2025-09-24

优秀作者尊重读者的时间


尼维: 与叔本华不同,你是一位工业哲学家。就像工业设计师一样,你的哲学是为大众设计的。人们建议你阅读那些伟大的著作——亚里士多德、维特根斯坦以及所有所谓的伟大哲学家。

我几乎读过所有那些东西,但从中获得的价值非常少。我获得价值的地方是像你这样的推特上人们的哲学思考。任何想读哲学的人,我都会告诉他们跳过那些,直接去读大卫·多伊奇。

纳瓦尔: 你说得没错。我受不了你提到的任何一位哲学家。我也不喜欢柏拉图。

我拿起又相对较快地放下了其他所有哲学作品,因为它们只是在琐碎细节上提出非常晦涩的论点,并试图提出包罗万象的世界理论。就连叔本华也陷入了这个陷阱。当他试图与其他哲学家对话时,是他最糟糕的时候。

我喜欢他的是他的短篇随笔。在那里,他几乎就像在推特上写作一样。他本会在推特上占据主导地位。他的思想密度很高——思考非常透彻;有好的、极简的例子和类比。你可以拿起它,读一段,然后思考下一个小时。我认为由于读了他的作品,我成为了更好的作家、更好的思考者,以及更好的人和性格评判者。

现在,他写于19世纪早期。每当他涉足科学、医学或政治话题时,他显然是不对的——那些东西已经不再适用了。但当他写关于人性的内容时,那是永恒的。

当涉及到任何关于人性的内容时,我说去读林迪书籍——那些更古老的书,那些经受住了时间考验的书。但如果你想发展特定知识,从中获得报酬,做一些有用的事情,那么你就要保持在最前沿。这些知识将更加及时,也会更快过时。

这两者都有道理。对我来说没有意义的是阅读那些既不是林迪的,也不是关于人性的,但却是陈旧的东西。我也回避那些学习密度低的东西,比如历史书。

我喜欢威尔·杜兰特的《历史的教训》,因为它是他庞大的12卷系列《文明的故事》的总结。但我不会去读那12卷系列。我读过很多历史。我知道他指的是这类事情,所以我不是仅仅在高层概念上相信他的话。

但与此同时,在我人生的这个阶段,我想阅读高密度的作品。你可以称之为抖音病或推特一代,但这也是对我们时间的尊重。我们已经有很多数据。我们有一些知识。现在我们想要智慧。现在我们想要可以附加到我们头脑中已有所有其他信息的普遍原则。

我们确实想阅读高密度的作品,但我会说叔本华是非常高密度的作品。

所有我最喜欢的作者都是非常高密度的。多伊奇是极高密度的。博尔赫斯是非常高密度的。特德·姜是非常高密度的。早期的尼尔·斯蒂芬森是非常高密度的(然后他只是变得高产量、高密度、高一切)。

但最好的作者尊重读者的时间,而叔本华非常符合这一脉络。


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The Best Authors Respect the Reader’s Time


Nivi: Unlike Schopenhauer, you are an industrial philosopher. Like an industrial designer, your philosophy is designed for the masses. People suggest you read the great books—Aristotle and Wittgenstein and all the supposedly great philosophers.

I’ve read almost all that stuff, and I’ve gotten very little value from it. Where I have gotten value is the philosophizing of people on Twitter, like you. Anybody who wants to read philosophy, I would just tell them to skip it and go read David Deutsch.

Naval: You’re not wrong. I can’t stand any of the philosophers you talked about. I don’t like Plato either.

Every other piece of philosophy I’ve picked up and put down relatively quickly because they’re just making very obscure arguments over minutiae and trying to come up with all-encompassing theories of the world. Even Schopenhauer falls into that trap. When he tries to talk to other philosophers, he’s at his worst.

When I like him is in his shorter essays. That’s where he almost writes like he’s on Twitter. He would have dominated Twitter. He has high density of ideas—very well thought through; good, minimal examples and analogies. You can pick it up, read one paragraph, and you’re thinking for the next hour. I think I’m a better writer, a better thinker, and a better judge of people and character thanks to what I read from him.

Now, he’s writing from the early part of the 19th century. Whenever he wanders into topics that are scientific or medical or political, he’s obviously off base—that stuff doesn’t apply anymore. But when he’s writing about human nature, that is timeless.

When it comes to anything about human nature, I say go read the Lindy books—the older books, the ones that have survived the test of time. But if you want to develop specific knowledge, get paid for it, do something useful, then you want to stay on the bleeding edge. That knowledge is going to be more timely and obsolete more quickly.

Those two make sense. What doesn’t make sense to me is just reading stuff that’s not Lindy, or that’s not about human nature, but is old. I also shy away from stuff that’s low density in the learnings, like history books.

I like The Lessons of History by Will Durant because it’s a summarization of The Story of Civilization, which was his large 12-volume series. But I’m not going to go read the 12-volume series. I’ve read plenty of history. I know he’s referring to these kinds of things, so I’m not just taking his word for it on high-level concept.

But at the same time, at this point in my life, I want to read high-density works. You can call it the TikTok Disease or the Twitter generation, but it’s also just being respectful of our time. We already have a lot of data. We have some knowledge. Now we want wisdom. Now we want the generalized principles that we can attach to all of the other information we already have in our minds.

We do want to read high-density work, but I would argue that Schopenhauer is very high-density work.

All my favorite authors are very high density. Deutsch is extremely high density. Borges is very high density. Ted Chiang is very high density. The old Neal Stephenson was very high density (then he just got high volume, high density, high everything).

But the best authors respect the reader’s time, and Schopenhauer is very much in that vein.


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