为世界创造丰盛
为世界创造丰盛
财富并非从他人那里夺取
Naval: 我认为存在这样一种观念,即赚钱是邪恶的,对吗?这可以一直追溯到”金钱是万恶之源”。人们认为银行家偷走了我们的钱。这在某种程度上是真实的,因为在世界许多地方,盗窃行为一直在发生。
在某种意义上,世界的历史就是创造者与索取者之间的捕食者/猎物关系。有些人走出去创造事物,建造事物,并为之努力工作。
然后有些人带着剑、枪、税收、裙带资本主义、共产主义或其他什么方式出现。有各种各样的盗窃方法。
即使在自然界中,寄生生物也比非寄生生物多。你体内有大量寄生生物,它们靠你生存。较好的那些是共生的,它们会回馈一些东西。但也有很多只是在索取。这就是任何复杂系统构建的方式。
我关注的是真正的财富创造。这不是关于赚钱。这不是关于从别人那里夺取什么。而是关于创造丰盛。
显然,工作数量不是有限的,财富也不是有限的。否则我们仍然会坐在洞穴里,想着如何分配柴火和偶尔的死鹿。
文明中的大部分财富,实际上是全部财富,都是被创造出来的。它从某个地方被创造出来。它由人们创造。它由技术创造。它由生产力创造。它由努力工作创造。认为财富是被偷来的这种想法,是那些试图获得地位的人玩的可怕的零和游戏。
每个人都可以富有
但现实是每个人都可以富有。我们可以通过观察第一世界来看到这一点,那里的每个人都基本上比200年前活着的任何人都富有。
200年前没有人有抗生素。没有人有汽车。没有人有电。没有人有iPhone。所有这些发明都使我们作为一个物种更加富有。
今天,我宁愿成为第一世界国家的穷人,也不愿成为路易十四时代法国的富人。我宁愿成为今天的穷人,也不愿成为当时的贵族。这是因为财富创造。
技术的引擎是科学,它被应用于创造丰盛的目的。所以,我认为从根本上说每个人都可以富有。
我希望你思考的这个思想实验是:想象如果每个人都拥有优秀软件工程师和优秀硬件工程师的知识。如果你能走出去,建造机器人、计算机、桥梁,并对它们进行编程。假设每个人都知道如何做到这一点。
你认为20年后社会会是什么样子?我的猜测是,我们将建造机器人、机器、软件和硬件来做所有事情。我们都将生活在巨大的丰盛之中。
从某种意义上说,我们基本上都会退休,因为我们都不必为任何基本需求工作。我们甚至会有机器人护士。我们将有机器驱动的医院。我们将有自动驾驶汽车。我们将有100%自动化的农场。我们将有清洁能源。
到那时,我们可以利用技术突破来获得我们想要的一切。如果那时还有人工作,他们工作是为了表达他们的创造力。他们工作是因为他们内心想要贡献、建造和设计事物。
我不认为资本主义是邪恶的。资本主义实际上是好的。只是它被劫持了。它被外部性的不当定价劫持。它被不当收益劫持,那里存在腐败或垄断。
Make Abundance for the World
Wealth isn’t about taking something from somebody else
Naval: I think there is this notion that making money is evil, right? It’s rooted all the way back down to “money is the root of all evil.” People think that the bankers steal our money. It’s somewhat true in that, in a lot of the world, there’s a lot of theft going on all the time.
The history of the world, in some sense, is this predator/prey relationship between makers and takers. There are people who go out and create things, and build things, and work hard on things.
Then there are people who come along with a sword, or a gun, or taxes, or crony capitalism, or Communism, or what have you. There’s all these different methods to steal.
Even in nature, there are more parasites than there are non-parasitical organisms. You have a ton of parasites in you, who are living off of you. The better ones are symbiotic, they’re giving something back. But there are a lot that are just taking. That’s the nature of how any complex system is built.
What I am focused on is true wealth creation. It’s not about taking money. It’s not about taking something from somebody else. It’s from creating abundance.
Obviously, there isn’t a finite number of jobs, or finite amount of wealth. Otherwise we would still be sitting around in caves, figuring out how to divide up pieces of fire wood, and the occasional dead deer.
Most of the wealth in civilization, in fact all of it, has been created. It got created from somewhere. It got created from people. It got created from technology. It got created from productivity. It got created from hard work. This idea that it’s stolen is this horrible zero-sum game that people who are trying to gain status play.
Everyone can be rich
But the reality is everyone can be rich. We can see that by seeing, that in the First World, everyone is basically richer than almost anyone who was alive 200 years ago.
200 years ago nobody had antibiotics. Nobody had cars. Nobody had electricity. Nobody had the iPhone. All of these things are inventions that have made us wealthier as a species.
Today, I would rather be a poor person in a First World country, than be a rich person in Louis the XIV’s France. I’d rather be a poor person today than aristocrat back then. That’s because of wealth creation.
The engine of technology is science that is applied for the purpose of creating abundance. So, I think fundamentally everybody can be wealthy.
This thought experiment I want you to think through is imagine if everybody had the knowledge of a good software engineer and a good hardware engineer. If you could go out there, and you could build robots, and computers, and bridges, and program them. Let’s say every human knew how to do that.
What do you think society would look like in 20 years? My guess is what would happen is we would build robots, machines, software and hardware to do everything. We would all be living in massive abundance.
We would essentially be retired, in the sense that none of us would have to work for any of the basics. We’d even have robotic nurses. We’d have machine driven hospitals. We’d have self-driving cars. We’d have farms that are 100% automated. We’d have clean energy.
At that point, we could use technology breakthroughs to get everything that we wanted. If anyone is still working at that point, they’re working as a form of expressing their creativity. They’re working because it’s in them to contribute, and to build and design things.
I don’t think capitalism is evil. Capitalism is actually good. It’s just that it gets hijacked. It gets hijacked by improper pricing of externalities. It gets hijacked by improper yields, where you have corruption, or you have monopolies.