美国之秋

Naval Ravikant 2016-10-18

这是续篇。请先阅读[美国之春](American Spring)。

“我们得出结论:财富集中是自然且不可避免的,并会通过暴力或和平的部分再分配周期性地得到缓解。从这个角度看,整个经济史就是社会有机体缓慢的心跳,是财富集中与强制性再循环的宏大收缩与舒张。”

——威尔·杜兰特和艾里尔·杜兰特

2016年,美利坚共和国诞生了第二个政党。

这对富裕的、受过大学教育的精英阶层来说是个冲击。技术、贸易、移民和纾困这四骑士让他们能够随意制造产品、劳动力、选民和货币。

人民统治事物,政客统治人民,而银行家统治所有人。

精英美国聚集在温带沿海地区,通过飞机和光纤连接。他们开放市场和开放边界的愿景本应最终整合内陆的平民。

但互联网已将媒体变成了选择你自己的现实冒险。众筹和大众媒体让群众能够自我组织。那些因贸易、移民和机械化而失去生计,因进步的步伐而失去文化的群众。

由伯尼领导的理想主义者们首先冲击了大门。媒体、政党和金融家的全部力量才将他们从城墙上抛下。在另一条战线,由特朗普领导的民粹主义者突破并夺取了共和党的旗帜。

新民粹主义者与旧共和党人几乎没有共同之处。他们不想削减福利,并将文化战争视为干扰。他们不再想把自己的孩子送去打精英们发动的战争。他们厌倦了补贴华尔街赤裸裸的赌博。他们对挤在边境的悲惨大众不再抱有同情。

伟大的虚假战争已经结束,共和党人输了。

现在,民粹主义者聚集在特朗普身后——一位通过建立品牌来打造品牌真人秀明星。随着增长放缓,他们希望将美国和美国人民放在首位。尽管高墙和高关税最终无法阻止机器人抢走所有工作。

随着布什王朝的失败,精英们已经团结在第二位克林顿身后。“朕即国家”,他们说。

如果新民主党人让你想起旧共和党人,请考虑他们一直都有战争、移民、纾困和贸易的共同点。最贫穷的人现在意外地发现自己与新保守主义者、商会、华尔街、游说者以及每一个依赖美国金融和军事慷慨的紧张外国政权同处一室。就像一个不稳定的中东国家一样,精英和少数群体的不安联盟统治着愤怒的群众,即使蓝领工人和工会正从后门溜走。

自由主义者、绿党和社会主义者再次发现自己无家可归,现在又加入了一个道德少数派。

这是第一场战斗,一场长期战争的开始。正如步枪和印刷机曾经所做的那样,大众媒体和众筹技术重新分配了民粹主义者和精英之间的权力。

少数群体、精英和白人男性已经选边站队。剩下的战斗将围绕白人女性及其议题展开。正如大英帝国(而非英国)打了大部分战争一样,精英们的突击部队是民众中最受威胁和最脆弱的少数群体。精英们制定战略,媒体发布命令,穷人们走上街头。

精英们拥有金钱、媒体、大学、机构和人数。通过戏剧化的表演,他们将击败特朗普;通过人口结构,他们将击败暴民。至于那些流离失所的人,让他们吃藜麦吧!

11月的任何胜利都将是短暂的——左右两翼的民粹主义者都将留下来。未来某个介于特朗普和伯尼之间的领导人可能会将他们团结起来,在投票箱前取得胜利。如果不能,如果民粹主义者确信这个系统无法挽救,真正的美国之春可能就会降临到我们身上。

历史的经典解决方案要么是政治分配繁荣,要么是革命分配贫困。值得庆幸的是,上一次真正的叛乱在150年前就已解决。那场争端剩下的只有被称为周日夜橄榄球的重新演绎。

令人不安的是,枪支拥有者、警察和军队处于错误的人口结构中。精英们想知道,谁正坐在那里数亿支枪支和超过一万亿发子弹上?手无寸铁的美国人究竟要如何解除武装美国人的武装?即使对于幸福的火鸡来说,感恩节终究会到来。

技术创造的繁荣可能是第三条出路,但技术在准备下一代的同时也取代了上一代。它创造的富足很难替代人们渴望的自决权和意义。

最终,可能是精英们请求分离。就像叙利亚和伊拉克一样,也许美国现在是两个国家——沿海与内陆、城市与乡村、精英与民粹主义者。社交媒体和身份政治强化了部落主义,并暴露了从一个铁王座统治从海洋到闪光之海的荒谬性。

如果一道新的柏林墙要竖起,我们得把它放在奥斯汀的某个地方。

也许存在一个稳定的解决方案。与此同时,11月将有一场战争,这是记忆中最为两极分化的选举。特朗普的要求很简单——“美国优先!“克林顿的警告也同样简单——“我死后,哪管洪水滔天。”

American Fall

This is a sequel. Read [American Spring](American Spring) first.

“We conclude that the concentration of wealth is natural and inevitable, and is periodically alleviated by violent or peaceable partial redistribution. In this view all economic history is the slow heartbeat of the social organism, a vast systole and diastole of concentrating wealth and compulsive recirculation.”

– Will and Ariel Durant

In 2016, the American Republic birthed a second political party.

This came as a shock to the prosperous, college-educated Elites. The four horsemen of technology, trade, immigration, and bailouts had let them manufacture products, labor, voters, and money at will.

The people ruled the things, the politicians ruled the people, and the bankers ruled them all.

Elite America clustered on the temperate coasts, connected by airplanes and fiber optics. Its vision of open markets and open borders was supposed to eventually integrate the commoners in the interior.

But the Internet had turned media into a choose-your-own-reality adventure. Crowd funding and crowd media let the masses self assemble. Masses who had lost their livelihoods to trade, immigrants, and mechanization, and lost their culture to the march of progress.

The idealists, led by Bernie, were the first to storm the gates. It took the full might of the Media, the Party, and the Financiers to throw them from the walls. On the other front, Populists led by Trump broke through and seized the Republican banner.

The new Populists shared little with the old Republicans. They didn’t want to roll back entitlements and saw the culture wars as a distraction. They no longer wanted to send their children to fight wars declared by the Elites. They were tired of subsidizing naked gambling on Wall Street. They were out of sympathy for the wretched masses huddled at the border.

The great fake war is over, and the Republicans lost.

Now, the Populists are rallied behind Trump – a reality TV star who built a brand out of building brands. With slowing growth, they want to put America and Americans first. Never mind that high walls and high tariffs won’t stop the robots from taking all of the jobs in the end.

With the Bush dynasty failed, the Elites have consolidated behind a second Clinton. “L’État, c’est moi,” they say.

If the New Democrats remind you of the old Republicans, consider that they both always had war, immigration, bailouts, and trade in common. The poorest now unexpectedly find themselves sheltering with the neocons, the Chamber of Commerce, Wall Street, lobbyists, and every nervous foreign regime dependent on American financial and military largesse. Mirroring an unstable Middle Eastern state, an uneasy alliance of elites and minorities rules over the angry masses, even as the blue-collar workers and trade unions slip out the back door.

The Libertarians, the Greens, and the Socialists find themselves homeless once again, now joined by a moral minority.

This is the first battle, the beginning of a long war. Just as the rifle and the printing press once did, the technologies of crowd media and crowd funding have redistributed power between the Populists and the Elites.

Minorities, Elites, and white males have already picked sides. The remaining battles will be fought over white women and their issues. Just as the British Empire, and not Britain, fought most of its wars, the shock troops for the Elites are the most threatened and vulnerable minorities in the populace. The Elites set the strategy, the press issues the orders, and the poor take to the streets.

The Elites have money, media, colleges, institutions, and numbers. Through histrionics they will defeat Trump, through demographics, the mob. As for the displaced, let them eat quinoa!

Any victory in November will be short lived – the Populists, on left and right, are here to stay. A future leader somewhere between Trump and Bernie could unite them to victory at the ballot box. If not, and if the Populists are convinced that the system cannot be redeemed, a true American Spring may be upon us.

History’s classic solution is either politics distributing prosperity or revolution distributing poverty. Thankfully, the last real insurrection was settled 150 years ago. All that remains of that dispute is the re-enactment called Sunday night football.

Disturbingly, the gun owners, the police, and the military are in the wrong demographic. Who, the Elites wonder, is sitting on the hundreds of millions of guns and over a trillion bullets out there? How, exactly, are the unarmed Americans going to disarm the armed Americans? Even for the blissful turkey, Thanksgiving eventually arrives.

Technology-created prosperity may be a third way out, but technology displaces one generation as it prepares the next. The abundance that it creates is hardly a substitute for the self-determination and meaning that people crave.

Ultimately, it may be the Elites that sue for secession. Just like Syria and Iraq, perhaps America is two countries now – the coasts and the center, the city and the country, the Elites and the Populists. Social media and identity politics reinforce tribalism, and expose the absurdity of ruling sea to shining sea from a single iron throne.

If a new Berlin wall were to go up, we’d have to put it somewhere in Austin.

Perhaps a stable solution exists. In the meantime, it’s war in November, the most polarized election in memory. Trump’s demand is simple – “America first!” So is Clinton’s warning – “Après moi, le déluge.”