养育孩子
养育孩子
2019年12月
在有孩子之前,我害怕生孩子。在那之前,我对孩子的感觉就像年幼的奥古斯丁对过道德生活的感觉一样。如果我想到自己永远不会有孩子,我会感到难过。但是我现在想要孩子吗?不。
如果我有孩子,我将成为父母,而从我小时候起就知道,父母都不酷。他们沉闷、负责任,没有乐趣。虽然孩子们会这样想并不奇怪,但说实话,成年后我也没有看到太多能改变我看法的事情。每当我注意到有孩子的父母时,孩子们似乎都是小恶魔,而父母则是可怜的、疲惫不堪的生物,即使他们占了上风。
当人们生婴儿时,我热情地祝贺他们,因为这似乎是应该做的事情。但我完全没有这种感觉。“幸好是你不是我,“我当时在想。
现在当人们生婴儿时,我热情地祝贺他们,而且我是真心的。尤其是第一个孩子。我感觉他们刚刚得到了世界上最好的礼物。
当然,改变的是我有了孩子。我曾经害怕的事情结果却是美妙的。
部分原因,我不会否认,是因为我们的第一个孩子出生时几乎立即发生的严重化学变化。就像有人翻转了一个开关。我突然不仅对我们的孩子感到保护,而且对所有的孩子都是如此。当我开车带妻子和新生的儿子从医院回家时,我走近一个挤满行人的十字路口,我发现自己在想”我必须非常小心所有这些人。每个人都是某人的孩子!”
所以在某种程度上,当我说生孩子很棒时,你不能完全相信我。在某种程度上,我像一个宗教邪教成员告诉你如果你加入邪教也会快乐——但这只是因为加入邪教会改变你的思想,使你成为一个快乐的邪教成员。
但不完全是这样。关于生孩子这件事,有一些我在有孩子之前明显弄错了的地方。
例如,我对父母和孩子的观察中存在巨大的选择偏见。有些父母可能注意到我写了”每当我注意到有孩子的父母时”。当然,我注意到孩子的时候都是出了问题的时候。只有当他们制造噪音时我才会注意到他们。而当我在哪里注意到他们呢?通常我从来不去有孩子的地方,所以我遇到他们的唯一地方是在飞机这样的共享瓶颈处。这根本不是有代表性的样本。几乎没有父母喜欢和幼儿一起飞行。
我没有注意到的事情,是因为他们往往安静得多,是父母与孩子在一起的所有美好时刻。人们不太谈论这些——魔力很难用言语表达,而且所有其他父母都知道——但生孩子的最大好处之一是有很多时候你会觉得没有其他地方你更想去,也没有其他事情你更想做。你不必在做特别的事情。你可能只是一起去某个地方,或者哄他们睡觉,或者在公园里推他们荡秋千。但你不会用这些时刻交换任何东西。人们往往不会将孩子与平静联系起来,但这就是你的感受。你不需要再看得比你现在的位置更远。
在有孩子之前,我也有过这种平静的时刻,但它们比较罕见。有了孩子,一天可以发生好几次。
我关于孩子的另一个数据来源是我自己的童年,这也同样具有误导性。我当时相当调皮,总是因为这样或那样的事情惹上麻烦。所以在我看来,为人父母基本上就是执法。我没有意识到也有好时光。
我记得我大约30岁时,母亲有一次告诉我她真的很享受有我和我妹妹的时光。我的天啊,我想,这个女人是个圣人。她不仅忍受了我们让她承受的所有痛苦,而且还乐在其中?现在我意识到她只是在说实话。
她说她喜欢我们的一个原因是我们谈话很有趣。当我有孩子时,这让我感到惊讶。你不仅爱他们。他们也成了你的朋友。他们真的很有趣。虽然我承认幼儿非常喜欢重复(任何值得做一次的事情都值得做五十次),但和他们一起玩通常真的很有趣。这也让我感到惊讶。和2岁的孩子玩耍在我2岁时很有趣,在我6岁时肯定不好玩。为什么后来又变得有趣了?但它确实如此。
当然,有些时候纯粹是苦差事。或者更糟,是恐惧。生孩子是那种强烈的体验类型,很难想象,除非你经历过。但这并不是像我生孩子之前隐含地认为的那样,只是你的DNA走向救生艇。
不过,我关于生孩子的担忧有一些是对的。它们确实会让你生产力下降。我知道生孩子让一些人把事情整理好,但如果你的事情已经整理好了,你去做事情的时间就会减少。特别是,你必须按照时间表工作。孩子有时间表。我不确定是因为孩子就是这样,还是因为这是将他们的生活与成年人生活整合的唯一方式,但一旦你有了孩子,你往往必须按照他们的时间表工作。
你会有大块的时间来工作。但你不能让工作随意地蔓延到你的整个生活中,就像我生孩子前那样。你必须在每天同一时间工作,无论灵感是否流动,而且会有时候你必须停止,即使它正在流动。
我已经能够适应这种方式工作。工作,像爱情一样,总会找到方法。如果只有某些时间可以发生,它就会在那些时间发生。所以虽然我没有生孩子前完成那么多工作,但我完成的工作足够了。
我讨厌这么说,因为抱负一直是我身份的一部分,但生孩子可能会让人不那么有抱负。看到这句话写下来我很痛苦。我挣扎着避免它。但如果没有真实的东西在那里,我为什么要挣扎?事实上,一旦你有了孩子,你可能会更关心他们而不是自己。而注意力是一个零和游戏。一次只有一个想法可以是你头脑中的首要想法。一旦你有了孩子,它通常会是你的孩子,这意味着它不太会是你正在工作的某个项目。
我有一些技巧来接近这个边缘。例如,当我写文章时,我想我希望我的孩子知道什么。这驱使我把事情做对。当我写《贝尔》时,我告诉我的孩子一旦我完成它,我就带他们去非洲。当你对小孩子说这种话时,他们会把它当作承诺。这意味着我必须完成,否则我就要带走他们的非洲之旅。也许如果我真的很幸运,这样的技巧可能会让我净赚。但风就在那里,毫无疑问。
另一方面,如果你的抱负连有孩子都经受不了,那是多么无力的抱负?你有这么少的余力吗?
虽然生孩子可能扭曲了我现在的判断,但它没有覆盖我的记忆。我清楚地记得以前的生活是怎样的。足够想念很多事情,比如能够随时动身去另一个国家的能力。那真是太棒了。我为什么从来没有那样做?
看到我做了什么?事实上,我在生孩子前拥有的大多数自由,我从来没有使用过。我用孤独为它付出了代价,但我从来没有使用过。
我在有孩子前有很多快乐的时光。但如果我计算快乐时刻,不仅仅是潜在的快乐,而是实际的快乐时刻,生孩子后比以前多了。现在我几乎可以随时获得,几乎任何睡前时间。
人们作为父母的经历差异很大,我知道我一直很幸运。但我认为我生孩子前的担忧一定很常见,而且从其他父母看到孩子时的脸色来看,孩子带来的幸福也一定很普遍。
注意
[1] 成年人足够复杂,能够看到2岁孩子是迷人的复杂角色,而对大多数6岁孩子来说,2岁孩子只是有缺陷的6岁孩子。
感谢 Trevor Blackwell、Jessica Livingston 和 Robert Morris 阅读本文的草稿。
阿拉伯语翻译 | 斯洛伐克语翻译
Having Kids
December 2019
Before I had kids, I was afraid of having kids. Up to that point I felt about kids the way the young Augustine felt about living virtuously. I’d have been sad to think I’d never have children. But did I want them now? No.
If I had kids, I’d become a parent, and parents, as I’d known since I was a kid, were uncool. They were dull and responsible and had no fun. And while it’s not surprising that kids would believe that, to be honest I hadn’t seen much as an adult to change my mind. Whenever I’d noticed parents with kids, the kids seemed to be terrors, and the parents pathetic harried creatures, even when they prevailed.
When people had babies, I congratulated them enthusiastically, because that seemed to be what one did. But I didn’t feel it at all. “Better you than me,” I was thinking.
Now when people have babies I congratulate them enthusiastically and I mean it. Especially the first one. I feel like they just got the best gift in the world.
What changed, of course, is that I had kids. Something I dreaded turned out to be wonderful.
Partly, and I won’t deny it, this is because of serious chemical changes that happened almost instantly when our first child was born. It was like someone flipped a switch. I suddenly felt protective not just toward our child, but toward all children. As I was driving my wife and new son home from the hospital, I approached a crosswalk full of pedestrians, and I found myself thinking “I have to be really careful of all these people. Every one of them is someone’s child!”
So to some extent you can’t trust me when I say having kids is great. To some extent I’m like a religious cultist telling you that you’ll be happy if you join the cult too — but only because joining the cult will alter your mind in a way that will make you happy to be a cult member.
But not entirely. There were some things about having kids that I clearly got wrong before I had them.
For example, there was a huge amount of selection bias in my observations of parents and children. Some parents may have noticed that I wrote “Whenever I’d noticed parents with kids.” Of course the times I noticed kids were when things were going wrong. I only noticed them when they made noise. And where was I when I noticed them? Ordinarily I never went to places with kids, so the only times I encountered them were in shared bottlenecks like airplanes. Which is not exactly a representative sample. Flying with a toddler is something very few parents enjoy.
What I didn’t notice, because they tend to be much quieter, were all the great moments parents had with kids. People don’t talk about these much — the magic is hard to put into words, and all other parents know about them anyway — but one of the great things about having kids is that there are so many times when you feel there is nowhere else you’d rather be, and nothing else you’d rather be doing. You don’t have to be doing anything special. You could just be going somewhere together, or putting them to bed, or pushing them on the swings at the park. But you wouldn’t trade these moments for anything. One doesn’t tend to associate kids with peace, but that’s what you feel. You don’t need to look any further than where you are right now.
Before I had kids, I had moments of this kind of peace, but they were rarer. With kids it can happen several times a day.
My other source of data about kids was my own childhood, and that was similarly misleading. I was pretty bad, and was always in trouble for something or other. So it seemed to me that parenthood was essentially law enforcement. I didn’t realize there were good times too.
I remember my mother telling me once when I was about 30 that she’d really enjoyed having me and my sister. My god, I thought, this woman is a saint. She not only endured all the pain we subjected her to, but actually enjoyed it? Now I realize she was simply telling the truth.
She said that one reason she liked having us was that we’d been interesting to talk to. That took me by surprise when I had kids. You don’t just love them. They become your friends too. They’re really interesting. And while I admit small children are disastrously fond of repetition (anything worth doing once is worth doing fifty times) it’s often genuinely fun to play with them. That surprised me too. Playing with a 2 year old was fun when I was 2 and definitely not fun when I was 6. Why would it become fun again later? But it does.
There are of course times that are pure drudgery. Or worse still, terror. Having kids is one of those intense types of experience that are hard to imagine unless you’ve had them. But it is not, as I implicitly believed before having kids, simply your DNA heading for the lifeboats.
Some of my worries about having kids were right, though. They definitely make you less productive. I know having kids makes some people get their act together, but if your act was already together, you’re going to have less time to do it in. In particular, you’re going to have to work to a schedule. Kids have schedules. I’m not sure if it’s because that’s how kids are, or because it’s the only way to integrate their lives with adults’, but once you have kids, you tend to have to work on their schedule.
You will have chunks of time to work. But you can’t let work spill promiscuously through your whole life, like I used to before I had kids. You’re going to have to work at the same time every day, whether inspiration is flowing or not, and there are going to be times when you have to stop, even if it is.
I’ve been able to adapt to working this way. Work, like love, finds a way. If there are only certain times it can happen, it happens at those times. So while I don’t get as much done as before I had kids, I get enough done.
I hate to say this, because being ambitious has always been a part of my identity, but having kids may make one less ambitious. It hurts to see that sentence written down. I squirm to avoid it. But if there weren’t something real there, why would I squirm? The fact is, once you have kids, you’re probably going to care more about them than you do about yourself. And attention is a zero-sum game. Only one idea at a time can be the top idea in your mind. Once you have kids, it will often be your kids, and that means it will less often be some project you’re working on.
I have some hacks for sailing close to this wind. For example, when I write essays, I think about what I’d want my kids to know. That drives me to get things right. And when I was writing Bel, I told my kids that once I finished it I’d take them to Africa. When you say that sort of thing to a little kid, they treat it as a promise. Which meant I had to finish or I’d be taking away their trip to Africa. Maybe if I’m really lucky such tricks could put me net ahead. But the wind is there, no question.
On the other hand, what kind of wimpy ambition do you have if it won’t survive having kids? Do you have so little to spare?
And while having kids may be warping my present judgement, it hasn’t overwritten my memory. I remember perfectly well what life was like before. Well enough to miss some things a lot, like the ability to take off for some other country at a moment’s notice. That was so great. Why did I never do that?
See what I did there? The fact is, most of the freedom I had before kids, I never used. I paid for it in loneliness, but I never used it.
I had plenty of happy times before I had kids. But if I count up happy moments, not just potential happiness but actual happy moments, there are more after kids than before. Now I practically have it on tap, almost any bedtime.
People’s experiences as parents vary a lot, and I know I’ve been lucky. But I think the worries I had before having kids must be pretty common, and judging by other parents’ faces when they see their kids, so must the happiness that kids bring.
Note
[1] Adults are sophisticated enough to see 2 year olds for the fascinatingly complex characters they are, whereas to most 6 year olds, 2 year olds are just defective 6 year olds.
Thanks to Trevor Blackwell, Jessica Livingston, and Robert Morris for reading drafts of this.
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